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2022.01.24 00:12 igl00s heyhowmuchdoesitcost
ask how much does something cost, most likely won't get a good answer
2019.01.31 18:58 ultradip Digital Loggers Atomic Pi SBC
A community for users of the Digital Loggers Atomic Pi! Ask questions! Share what you've done!
2012.11.17 20:26 mrkipling TrueFrugal: Cost-minimizing and utility-conscious tips, questions, and ideas
A subreddit for frugal living tips, questions, and ideas. To us, frugal living DOES NOT mean cheap at the cost of utility, but rather finding ways to maximize what we get out of products and services while minimizing cost.
2023.03.25 03:03 your-fav-throwaway How am I doing financially? Currently trying to see if I’m on the right path
About Me
~$2.3k sitting in a Roth IRA ~$1.4k sitting in a HYSA; 1k of that money is on a hold, and used as a emergency fund. ~$900 sitting in a Traditional IRA ~$700 in my primary savings & everyday checking. This fluctuates quite a bit. ~$1.3k in miscellaneous accounts. Money that I purposely hide from myself. ~$630 in my 401k that is vested. My company matches 7%. I contribute the full match. Total Assets: ~$7,300
Debts Car Loan, 66 month terms @ 5.24% - I owe ~$5,900; $208/month payment
Personal Loan, 42 months term @ 9.9% - I owe ~$1,100; $35/month payment
I pay my credit cards in full each month.
Total Debts - ~$7,000
Net Worth - $300
Budget
I currently use the zero budget approach to budgeting, which basically means all the money I net is allocated to something different. I will define which ones are fixed & which are one sinking funds/variable. Keep in my mind, this only includes my full time job. I do not include my second job as that income varies. I budget every two weeks, and split all my bills into half payments. The numbers listed are the half payments. My current deductions from my full time job include: 7% 401k, dental insurance, medical insurance, accidental insurance, critical illness insurance, and vision insurance. My job pays short/long term disability insurance in full as well as our life insurance policy. After my deductions, I’m left with $1,101.00 biweekly, which is broken into the following:
** Please note fixed expenses are ones that have no to little wiggle room and cannot be adjusted; sinking funds are ones that either adjust depending on how much I use; and carry over to the next pay day. If I use less one pay period, I have more the next, and they slowly build over time.
Rent (fixed): $350 (I pay $700/month - no utilities includes)
Food (sinking): $115
Hygiene (sinking): $20
Entertainment (sinking): $25
Car insurance (fixed): $100
Gas (sinking): $50
Car Maintenance (sinking): $33
Subscriptions (sinking): $30
Life Insurance (fixed): $25
Renters Ins. (fixed): $5
IRA: Not contributing
Any Debt (sinking): $36
College (fixed): $136
Coffee (sinking): $5
Emergency Fund (fixed): $15
Health insurance: Covered thru my job.
Utilities (sinking): $60
Car Payment (fixed): $96
Questions
So I guess my big question is: How am I doing, and how can I improve?
What should I do with the extra income outside of my budget? For example, my second job? The extra income when my deductions are not taken out (twice a year)? Should I work on building my 3-month emergency fund?
Goals
I have a couple of goals I would like to work on. I want to save enough money towards a down payment on a home. At the bare minimum, $12k. My income should increase over the next few years; in todays income standards, I’ll go from 39.5k to almost 60k if things pan out right.
I also want to be debt free in two years, which should be doable if I knock it our using the funds from my 2nd job. I have no plans on buying a new car until my current car is dug into the ground. My current car payment will be utilized towards a bigger car maintenance/car buying fund, and my IRA when my car is paid in full.
Closing Notes
A few things to add;
I do not pay for a phone plan. My father handles that, and I don’t see myself coming off his plan any time soon.
My apartment does not have a washedryer, but I’m able to do my laundry at my parents once a week.
My job reimburses the costs for two of my classes a semester as long as I get a C or higher, however, I do not rely on that.
Any thoughts or recommendations for me?
submitted by your-fav-throwaway to personalfinance [link] [comments]
- 20 years old; living on my own (no roommates); Good support system
- I currently work full time at a financial institution making roughly $19/hr. Paid biweekly. I gross a little over $3,000/month, or $39,500/year. OT is allowed in certain circumstances, but generally not allowed.
- I also have a part time weekend job. I make $15/hr plus tips (walk out with cash; credit card tips applied to paycheck); Hours are subject to change per business hours; however, doing the slow periods, I’m guaranteed netting an extra $150/week. I split this check at 3 institutions that does not include my primary account. I do not rely on this income for budgeting purposes. I could quit tomorrow and be financially okay.
- Part time student working towards my associates degree in Business Admin, and eventually my bachelors degree. Haven’t decided on my concentration, but most likely something business related.
~$2.3k sitting in a Roth IRA ~$1.4k sitting in a HYSA; 1k of that money is on a hold, and used as a emergency fund. ~$900 sitting in a Traditional IRA ~$700 in my primary savings & everyday checking. This fluctuates quite a bit. ~$1.3k in miscellaneous accounts. Money that I purposely hide from myself. ~$630 in my 401k that is vested. My company matches 7%. I contribute the full match. Total Assets: ~$7,300
Debts Car Loan, 66 month terms @ 5.24% - I owe ~$5,900; $208/month payment
Personal Loan, 42 months term @ 9.9% - I owe ~$1,100; $35/month payment
I pay my credit cards in full each month.
Total Debts - ~$7,000
Net Worth - $300
Budget
I currently use the zero budget approach to budgeting, which basically means all the money I net is allocated to something different. I will define which ones are fixed & which are one sinking funds/variable. Keep in my mind, this only includes my full time job. I do not include my second job as that income varies. I budget every two weeks, and split all my bills into half payments. The numbers listed are the half payments. My current deductions from my full time job include: 7% 401k, dental insurance, medical insurance, accidental insurance, critical illness insurance, and vision insurance. My job pays short/long term disability insurance in full as well as our life insurance policy. After my deductions, I’m left with $1,101.00 biweekly, which is broken into the following:
** Please note fixed expenses are ones that have no to little wiggle room and cannot be adjusted; sinking funds are ones that either adjust depending on how much I use; and carry over to the next pay day. If I use less one pay period, I have more the next, and they slowly build over time.
Rent (fixed): $350 (I pay $700/month - no utilities includes)
Food (sinking): $115
Hygiene (sinking): $20
Entertainment (sinking): $25
Car insurance (fixed): $100
Gas (sinking): $50
Car Maintenance (sinking): $33
Subscriptions (sinking): $30
Life Insurance (fixed): $25
Renters Ins. (fixed): $5
IRA: Not contributing
Any Debt (sinking): $36
College (fixed): $136
Coffee (sinking): $5
Emergency Fund (fixed): $15
Health insurance: Covered thru my job.
Utilities (sinking): $60
Car Payment (fixed): $96
Questions
So I guess my big question is: How am I doing, and how can I improve?
What should I do with the extra income outside of my budget? For example, my second job? The extra income when my deductions are not taken out (twice a year)? Should I work on building my 3-month emergency fund?
Goals
I have a couple of goals I would like to work on. I want to save enough money towards a down payment on a home. At the bare minimum, $12k. My income should increase over the next few years; in todays income standards, I’ll go from 39.5k to almost 60k if things pan out right.
I also want to be debt free in two years, which should be doable if I knock it our using the funds from my 2nd job. I have no plans on buying a new car until my current car is dug into the ground. My current car payment will be utilized towards a bigger car maintenance/car buying fund, and my IRA when my car is paid in full.
Closing Notes
A few things to add;
I do not pay for a phone plan. My father handles that, and I don’t see myself coming off his plan any time soon.
My apartment does not have a washedryer, but I’m able to do my laundry at my parents once a week.
My job reimburses the costs for two of my classes a semester as long as I get a C or higher, however, I do not rely on that.
Any thoughts or recommendations for me?
2023.03.25 03:00 Pan-con--huevo (AAI2 and DD Spoilers) One lone idea, two different aproachs, one good execution.
(To start, the tipycal one: Sorry for my Still-developing English) So, this is something I've been revolving my head around the las couple days. In this post, im gonna be comparing two similar situations, depicted by two different characters. While is not a comparison I've ever seen made, It's easy to realize the connections. So, putting the mistery away, I'm gonna be talking about the Arquetipe of the Suplanted Identity in these 2 games, represented by (Heavy spoilers for both): For DD: Bobby Fulbright/The Phamtom For AAI2: Zheng Fha President: Di-Jun Huang, and his body double
To start, we can notice the biggest similarity; The already mentioned archetype of a Suplanted Identity. But they're made in very different approaches, and many opinions I've heard around here depict one instance as "Bad done" or a "Could've been better", while the other one hardly is treated as nothing less than very good. (I am at risk here, if what I've heard turns out to not represent a majority, this whole post would be pointless ) But, What does difference them? I wanted to see that, and see what you guys think about it.
To start, I'm going to talk about 3 main points: First, The Impersonator. Then, The Plot Twist Reveal. Lastly, The Impersonated.
First, The Impersonator. In DD's Situation, we see no clue of any kind of impersonation of said character till' the very end, which is used as the main plot twist and final Showdown. Until then, he was just what we would've expected, and not a single hint of an hidden secret that is not very subtle. Then, AAI2 situation, wee see a different aproach, with the revelation of an powerless man that falls short of his expectations. Then, it's revealed in the very final case, that he was never actually the man he said he was, and that the original person was killed many years ago.
Then, the Plot Twist Reveal: In DD, It was never hinted before, so it was as surprising as it was perplexing. It was very out of the blue, with no previous hints whatsoever. Although it does manage to fit in the game, it does so feeling a bit off, like it was not a fully developed idea or it was a last minute addition. In AAI2, the thing is that the reveal takes many things we've already discovered, like the impotence of a supposed very strong person, and it explains it with a totally logical thing, like a different person acting like someone he isn't. While this is not a main point throughout the case, it does settle many things that are important to it, and works just as it should.
Lastly, the Impersonated: In DD, we know nothing. We can only assume that it was kinda like his impersonator, but it is never said, nor showed, in any kind of way. In AAI2, however, we get to know him and his bonds with the main cast. How he was betrayed by people he trusted, and trying to do something noble, ended in a very tragic way.
Now, this is just my opinion, and not even a good formulated one at that, but it is what I think, and I wanted to know if more people concur in this topic, in the conclusion that the way AAI2 handled this was very much nicer than DD, and how many of the things done were not any hard nor plot-breaking. The only thing is that it has left me with a doubt. Why did it turned out this way? What happened between these games that such a good idea was later wasted in such a bad way? I would like to hear more theories and opinions about the topic, cuz this has really left me thinking. (I repeat, sorry for my bad english. Its 11 P.M and i cant write with clarity, so excuse all typos i may make.)
submitted by Pan-con--huevo to AceAttorney [link] [comments]
To start, we can notice the biggest similarity; The already mentioned archetype of a Suplanted Identity. But they're made in very different approaches, and many opinions I've heard around here depict one instance as "Bad done" or a "Could've been better", while the other one hardly is treated as nothing less than very good. (I am at risk here, if what I've heard turns out to not represent a majority, this whole post would be pointless ) But, What does difference them? I wanted to see that, and see what you guys think about it.
To start, I'm going to talk about 3 main points: First, The Impersonator. Then, The Plot Twist Reveal. Lastly, The Impersonated.
First, The Impersonator. In DD's Situation, we see no clue of any kind of impersonation of said character till' the very end, which is used as the main plot twist and final Showdown. Until then, he was just what we would've expected, and not a single hint of an hidden secret that is not very subtle. Then, AAI2 situation, wee see a different aproach, with the revelation of an powerless man that falls short of his expectations. Then, it's revealed in the very final case, that he was never actually the man he said he was, and that the original person was killed many years ago.
Then, the Plot Twist Reveal: In DD, It was never hinted before, so it was as surprising as it was perplexing. It was very out of the blue, with no previous hints whatsoever. Although it does manage to fit in the game, it does so feeling a bit off, like it was not a fully developed idea or it was a last minute addition. In AAI2, the thing is that the reveal takes many things we've already discovered, like the impotence of a supposed very strong person, and it explains it with a totally logical thing, like a different person acting like someone he isn't. While this is not a main point throughout the case, it does settle many things that are important to it, and works just as it should.
Lastly, the Impersonated: In DD, we know nothing. We can only assume that it was kinda like his impersonator, but it is never said, nor showed, in any kind of way. In AAI2, however, we get to know him and his bonds with the main cast. How he was betrayed by people he trusted, and trying to do something noble, ended in a very tragic way.
Now, this is just my opinion, and not even a good formulated one at that, but it is what I think, and I wanted to know if more people concur in this topic, in the conclusion that the way AAI2 handled this was very much nicer than DD, and how many of the things done were not any hard nor plot-breaking. The only thing is that it has left me with a doubt. Why did it turned out this way? What happened between these games that such a good idea was later wasted in such a bad way? I would like to hear more theories and opinions about the topic, cuz this has really left me thinking. (I repeat, sorry for my bad english. Its 11 P.M and i cant write with clarity, so excuse all typos i may make.)
2023.03.25 02:59 PringlePlex Help Me Plan and Figure Reality Check/Further Publicizing (27 F 27 M)
Trigger warning: Mentions of abuse without details.
(I see it’s against rules but I’ve seen other abuse related posts here before so, and I’m getting no help on abusiverelationships community)
I’m going to be putting out the posts I publicized already into videos of myself talking along with some other information on common abuse myths and resources. Does anyone have advice as to the best ways to go about this? I know I’m desensitized from having so much trauma in my life and I don’t want to come off convoluted or vindictive.
If people are worried about me drawing too much attention to myself: my ex fiancé as well as his family know where I am, what I’ve said I’ve been through to others and what I’ve been through with them. It is also publicized already to an extent and has been for many weeks. I’m two states away from all of them and quite a lot of people know already but many are overwhelmed understandably by how much text it is to read.
Thank you all for your time. I’ve been trying to work up the courage and clarity to do this for a couple of months now.
submitted by PringlePlex to relationship_advice [link] [comments]
(I see it’s against rules but I’ve seen other abuse related posts here before so, and I’m getting no help on abusiverelationships community)
I’m going to be putting out the posts I publicized already into videos of myself talking along with some other information on common abuse myths and resources. Does anyone have advice as to the best ways to go about this? I know I’m desensitized from having so much trauma in my life and I don’t want to come off convoluted or vindictive.
If people are worried about me drawing too much attention to myself: my ex fiancé as well as his family know where I am, what I’ve said I’ve been through to others and what I’ve been through with them. It is also publicized already to an extent and has been for many weeks. I’m two states away from all of them and quite a lot of people know already but many are overwhelmed understandably by how much text it is to read.
Thank you all for your time. I’ve been trying to work up the courage and clarity to do this for a couple of months now.
2023.03.25 02:58 Active_Moment_2236 41F 41M
My wife told me last week that she has been having a friendship with a co-worker at work that then evolved into flirting, and a couple of weeks ago evolved into explicit messages at their work messenger system and then last week they fondled each other in his car. She SAYS she put a stop to it before any actual sex occurred because she felt extremely guilty, and she told him they couldn't talk anymore (they work in the same company, but not in the same building or department). I have told her she needs to switch jobs because I can't trust her while he's still even around. I am totally heartbroken and devastated. My feelings go from extreme sadness, to rage, to confusion, and it just seems too much to handle. I love my wife will all my heart and I know she loves me, but obviously right now In unable to really trust her or forgive her. Talking to her, she told me she never really had lust or desire for me. That she fell in love with me for the type of person I am, and proceeded to talk about all my good traits. But she says about once a year she has this overwhelming feeling that she wants to feel that desire, but she doesn't feel that for me. She tells me she LOVES being wanted by other guys, that's it feels like a high for her, and she's been feeling that more and more lately and she was unable to stop herself this time. She was loving the attention this guy was giving her (I tell her ALL the time how beautiful and sexy and hot she is, but she does not respond to anything sexual I say to her) she told me most of the time she has sex with me because she knows I want it and need it, and she enjoys orgasms with me, but that the desire isn't there. She says she loves me deeply and she wants to work on that and on us and make our marriage work to where we can both be content with what we have. I'm not entirely sure this can be saved, but I want to try because even though I'm hurting right now, I love her with all my heart. Has anyone ever heard of a situation like this? I'm having a hard time. Advice?
submitted by Active_Moment_2236 to relationship_advice [link] [comments]
2023.03.25 02:58 BadTakeBrian Enterprise Group ($E.TO, $ETOLF.OTC): Cash Flow Machine, Deep Value, Squeeze Potential
 | Intro submitted by BadTakeBrian to PennyHaven [link] [comments] I should start by saying that the search for a company like Enterprise began under the following pretense: I have a bearish view of where I think broad markets are going by the end of 2023 and wanted somewhere to hide out while still maintaining the potential to double my investment under any broad market scenario. Enterprise Group fits that bill. The Company is a niche energy service company that provides site infrastructure services to remote western Canadian production sites for pipelines, construction and oil and gas sectors in western Canada. I believe Enterprise is a fantastic and deeply overlooked company fit for retail investors (like me) who have the ability to enter a position ahead of institutions catching hold of the name. The core thesis on Enterprise is: - Low correlation to broad markets - High growth and 30% cash flow yield - Healthy balance sheet providing ~$20M in dry powder for potential non-dilutive M&A - Share buyback in place to support stock - Unique low-emission fleet of equipment to grow market share - Structural market expansion History Enterprise was founded in 2004, though as it stands today, is a much leaner and higher growth business compared to what it was in the last bull market for energy in 2008-2014. Where many competitors went out of business during the bear market between 2014-2021, Enterprise wisely divested from lower margin business units, preserved its balance sheet and due to its unique fleet of equipment – was able to maintain cash flow positive during this time. M&A is part of the corporate DNA of Enterprise and has had a successful track record on that front. While others were still reeling from previous years downturn or still trying to repair their balance sheets in 2020/2021, Enterprise was able to utilize the strength of its balance sheet and positive cash flows to countercyclically invest into new business units to position themselves for the eventual return of energy markets we are now experiencing. A great example of this is the launch of Evolution Power in 2022, which offers a fleet of low-emission microgrids that power the entire production site with natural gas, replacing diesel generators. In doing so, EP reduces CO2 emissions by 30%, gives Enterprise higher margins, is safer and more efficient for the customer. As one of the few “green options” in the energy sector, they are becoming the first choice for larger oil and gas clients subject to Canada’s “heavy emitter” penalties. Market The large majority of Enterprise’s sales are derived from western Canadian energy producers, with a greater share of natural gas producers compared to oil producers within its book of clients. Though Enterprise profits have less commodity risk than their actual producing clients, the Company nevertheless is derivatively exposed to energy prices (though I believe there are some factors that reduce the correlation that I will get into later). After years of producers not investing into large exploration projects due to ESG mandates, regulations and low prices, the outlook on energy markets looks extremely promising for producers and has already begun to see a notable uptick in production levels that are expected to continue for a market that looks undersupplied in years ahead. More specifically to Enterprise’s western Canadian market, there are some very visible demand drivers on the horizon based on new pipeline capacity that provide a near certain increase in demand for services like Enterprise. This demand is structured within tens of billions of dollars of sunk infrastructure capital to provide a roadmap of oil and gas (mostly gas) production expansion in western Canada. Beginning in 2023 with the completion of NGTL network expansion (gas) and TMX pipeline (oil), there will continue to be major new export capacity to come online nearly every year this decade, with recent first nations LNG projects advancing on the west coast. For Canadian gas producers, the pipelines will allow them to access higher priced Asian markets, where prices are often multiples of those received in Canada or the US. You can bet there is going to be prompt increases to production to ship whatever they can to those markets, given the preferred economics. Financials Enterprise just recently released their full year 2022 financials March 20, 2023, where they posted fantastic results. Rather than do a deep dive into financials today, will simply share some important highlights and suggest reviewing their financials below: (https://www.sedar.com/DisplayCompanyDocuments.do?lang=EN&issuerNo=00020838) https://preview.redd.it/2apvhzq3lspa1.png?width=1080&format=png&auto=webp&s=6f98336dfb84cfcc9cc3d75aecd6d4c464593ea9 Additional items: - Bought back 1.8M shares in 2022 - Secured US OTC listing to increase access to US investors - Renewed buyback program - Available tax losses of $0.17/share - Purchased $5.6M of new equipment - Subsequently signed one of largest contracts in company history in Jan 2023 Share Structure Enterprise currently has 50.3M shares outstanding, with another 5M options exercisable at $0.45. Notably, management/board were buyers in the open market over the last few years and now hold over 40% of all shares outstanding. This is where I think it gets uniquely attractive for us retail investors. Since the last energy cycle, nearly all of the research analysts that covered the sector have moved on, meaning the few analysts left covering the space are focused on large-cap players and there are none covering companies the size of Enterprise. There is a window for retail to build a position in a hugely profitable company with a tight share structure subject to a potential squeeze before institutions begin to take notice. Finally – and maybe most importantly – 2022 saw a unique trading dynamic occur due to a large shareholder selling down their position. This shareholder accidentally accumulated a >10% ownership position, unknowingly triggering a requirement to file any purchase/sale of stock (see sedi filings to confirm). That shareholder then spent the entire year reducing their position below 10% but because there was not a large float of shares trading hands, effectively put a ceiling on the stock the entire year and single-handedly compressed the multiple. This does not appear to have been done with ill intent but explains why the stock bounced between a floor of around $0.38 (supported by the buyback) and $0.42 (where the shareholder was selling) despite everything going right for the company operationally. In January, the company bought back the final tranche of shares needed to get that shareholder below the 10% threshold, thereby clearing the way for share price to better track the improving cash flow of the company. Valuation Enterprise is currently trading at a deeply discounted valuation and historically low multiple, which is ironic considering this may be the best market they've ever operated in. As a particular point of reference, a comparison below for the 2020-2022 periods for EV/EBITDA and some other metrics that could influence the deserved multiple such as growth, profitability, and credit risk. I’ve also already listed a few reasons to be bullish on their future market (pipelines coming online beginning this year), which is consistent with management’s outlook from their MD&A that “…customers have indicated they will continue to operate at increased activities through the remainder of the year”. Though a 10-11x multiple shouldn't be expected moving forward, you can see the impact of having a large shareholder exiting with a small float and how a lack of share price movement can lose investor attention. Over the course of a year, Enterprise added over $5M in EBITDA (+175%) and barely saw its valuation change at all! *2022 year using current share price At a current 4.2x EV/EBITDA, Enterprise is trading far below the 6x it has traded in previous cycles and which seems very reasonable as a base case scenario. It would take very little notional buying for that re-rate to occur and for those able to establish a position at these prices, it would represent a 74% return. https://preview.redd.it/nfwcfd2zkspa1.png?width=867&format=png&auto=webp&s=8f214d0505cc1df9f2d87f84c0e4727ed7459c0d Finally, if Enterprise is seen through a different valuation lens**, the company just released in their earnings that equity holders would be due $0.68/share ($0.39 current share price) if the company simply sold all of their equipment at book value.** Multiple arguments to show that Enterprise is undervalued. Outlook Enterprise has a strong outlook on market fundamentals to support top line growth, increasing pricing power to maintain/increase margins and new revenue potential coming online with equipment additions. Given history of M&A activity, balance sheet flexibility and the fact some targets are still not fully recovered from 2014-2021 period, it would be very surprising if the company did not make one or more acquisitions in the near-future. Management has said as much on their recent twitter spaces interview. Fortunately for equity holders, management does not have to dilute shareholders while its equity remains undervalued. With $20M in unused credit at their disposal (their current market cap), they would have the ability to make a material acquisition without needing any equity at all. Even if they were to make an even larger acquisition, their debt providers are Ninepoint Partners (via Waygar Capital), who are home to none other than Eric Nuttall, who is the largest and most bullish energy fund manager on earth. You can bet that if the right target came along with the right assets/cash flow, Ninepoint would be more than happy to increase the size of that facility if they aren’t able to secure some seller's financing. If we assume a slight liquidity discount on a PrivateCo acquisition, $20M at 3x EV/EBITDA could buy around $6-7M of incremental EBITDA, effectively doubling the “cash flow” of the company before considering any synergies. Prospect of cross-selling new rental equipment would be high. If something like this came to pass and they grew to a $15M EBITDA business, there would undoubtedly be a whole new supply of small institutions that would be interested and could be an attractive buyout candidate for private equity, who they’re currently competing with for acquisitions. Risk Commodity Risk: This being the most obvious risk to the company. If we were to go back to the dark ages (2014-2021), there would be a material impact on Enterprise financials. I believe commodity risk for Enterprise is mitigated for 3 reasons:
No doubt we are entering a period of uncertainty, with global liquidity being reduced and the risk of recession on the horizon. I think this should be viewed in two ways:
Summary
I own shares in Enterprise. This is not financial advise. Please do your own due diligence. |
2023.03.25 02:57 pspooks_ How many of y’all still hunt to make money like in the early days?
How much money does it normal bring in? I’m looking for another grinding source when bounties, and missions get stale while waiting for my wagon/moonshine.
submitted by pspooks_ to RedDeadOnline [link] [comments]
2023.03.25 02:57 teenyrabbitt any florida esthis have advice for getting into medical esthetics?
currently i'm in esthetician school. in florida we don't have a separate medical / master esthetician license. i'm big on continuing education, ive also worked in the hospital as a cna so i have a lot of interest in the medical field. there are a few schools who offer medical esthetician courses ranging in price, i know one teaches advanced procedures and includes a phlebotomy license for things like prp. there are also schools for an electrologist license. wouldn't say i'm super into lasers but i would consider it if i found ample oppurtunity. id still like to work as a skin care specialist just with more advanced machines and practices, but i'm not sure how much experience i'd need and i worry about the cost of some courses and if they will yield actual employment in a medspa, derm office, etc. is anyone a florida esthitician in the medical side of things that has any advice on trying to get into it? did you try to seek employment from medical based places or did you slowly grow your skill set before applying and getting a job? i realize it's also a long term thing and i'd like to see what is out there ooourtunity wise before pursuing further schooling but i don't want to miss any oppurtunities early on that can give me an advantage. thanks!
submitted by teenyrabbitt to Esthetics [link] [comments]
2023.03.25 02:57 CheezeCrostata It's truly baffling how such a small change affected the character
...in such a severe way.
Ok, so some of you might have noticed that I was critical of the most recent "patch", because they nerfed Vy and the Nightshade. Well, I finally got to play it out and while I didn't notice much difference with the Nightshade, Vy seems to have gotten the short end of the stick.
I was playing Practice Strikeout to do the dailies and seasonals, and Vy would spawn as a bot every other match, on both sides. I'm genuinely surprised with how bad her bot has become after the patch. If she used to be one of the strongest bots in the game (right behind Seeker), now she can barely kill anything. And I'm really baffled by this, because the listed changes shouldn't technically affect anything that the bot does: uses the tier two S12, throws poison bombs, runs, shoots. I mean, she still throws the poison bombs, but did the distance and recharge speed really make that much of a difference?
Crazy!
submitted by CheezeCrostata to RogueCompany [link] [comments]
Ok, so some of you might have noticed that I was critical of the most recent "patch", because they nerfed Vy and the Nightshade. Well, I finally got to play it out and while I didn't notice much difference with the Nightshade, Vy seems to have gotten the short end of the stick.
I was playing Practice Strikeout to do the dailies and seasonals, and Vy would spawn as a bot every other match, on both sides. I'm genuinely surprised with how bad her bot has become after the patch. If she used to be one of the strongest bots in the game (right behind Seeker), now she can barely kill anything. And I'm really baffled by this, because the listed changes shouldn't technically affect anything that the bot does: uses the tier two S12, throws poison bombs, runs, shoots. I mean, she still throws the poison bombs, but did the distance and recharge speed really make that much of a difference?
Crazy!
2023.03.25 02:56 lonelytexan822 How long do you keep trying?
Just venting, in a very depressed mood hoping this will help.
How long do you keep trying to find that person? When you crave a loving touch but you mind tells you that's just a fantasy, not possible, no one can feel that way toward you. When you jump from wanting to just find someone to have endless sex with, to wanting someone that you can hold forever and cry with.
I always thought that in my 20's, I'd find that woman that's super loving, craves physical touch as much as I do. Wants to have countless hours cuddled up together and have the same or more full of passionate sex. Now, I'm 35, making posts multiple times a week here, reaching out to old friends, some recent crushes only to be rejected or left on read.
At what point do you just stop trying? Maybe she isn't near me, maybe she's in a different state or country even. Maybe I won't meet her for years. How do you keep that hope up? Do you just accept that it will happen when it happens and stop looking? If you stop looking doesn't that mean it's not likely to happen?
My last actual relationship was in my early 20's. Thought I would marry her. She left, came back and left again. I was young, she was younger. Probably shouldn't of hurt as much as it did but, it killed my confidence. Not that I had much before her. So I didn't look, figured when I met the right one it would be obvious, a no brainer. Yet. I didn't see her. Maybe she was there and I missed her. Does that mean there's another woman out there?
For now, I'll just continue to try. Maybe its futile, maybe she's not near me, maybe I missed her or she found someone else already. I feel too much like I missed so many opportunities that I don't want to miss another and feel worse.
submitted by lonelytexan822 to lonely [link] [comments]
How long do you keep trying to find that person? When you crave a loving touch but you mind tells you that's just a fantasy, not possible, no one can feel that way toward you. When you jump from wanting to just find someone to have endless sex with, to wanting someone that you can hold forever and cry with.
I always thought that in my 20's, I'd find that woman that's super loving, craves physical touch as much as I do. Wants to have countless hours cuddled up together and have the same or more full of passionate sex. Now, I'm 35, making posts multiple times a week here, reaching out to old friends, some recent crushes only to be rejected or left on read.
At what point do you just stop trying? Maybe she isn't near me, maybe she's in a different state or country even. Maybe I won't meet her for years. How do you keep that hope up? Do you just accept that it will happen when it happens and stop looking? If you stop looking doesn't that mean it's not likely to happen?
My last actual relationship was in my early 20's. Thought I would marry her. She left, came back and left again. I was young, she was younger. Probably shouldn't of hurt as much as it did but, it killed my confidence. Not that I had much before her. So I didn't look, figured when I met the right one it would be obvious, a no brainer. Yet. I didn't see her. Maybe she was there and I missed her. Does that mean there's another woman out there?
For now, I'll just continue to try. Maybe its futile, maybe she's not near me, maybe I missed her or she found someone else already. I feel too much like I missed so many opportunities that I don't want to miss another and feel worse.
2023.03.25 02:56 idreamofsheep31 competitions/ECs/etc
so, I'm a homeschooler. My ECs are pretty good (ballet, violin, orchestra, choir, all of which I've done or more than 3years, plus some volunteer work), but I'm looking at posts where students have done internships, won competitions, and/or been published in journals - and they still didn't get accepted to moderately presitgious colleges, let alone T20 colleges.
I think my background is pretty unique on an application, but I still feel like I should be applying to competitions or smth to boost my app more. So basically, should I do this? If so, does anyone have any recs for writing-oriented competitions that aren't Harvard crimson level prestigious? Thank you so much.
and one more question: exactly how much does applying to out of state colleges lower your chances? All of the colleges I want to go to are on the opposite side of the country, and I'm now seeing that this could significantly lower my changes of getting in, which is very discouraging.
submitted by idreamofsheep31 to ApplyingToCollege [link] [comments]
I think my background is pretty unique on an application, but I still feel like I should be applying to competitions or smth to boost my app more. So basically, should I do this? If so, does anyone have any recs for writing-oriented competitions that aren't Harvard crimson level prestigious? Thank you so much.
and one more question: exactly how much does applying to out of state colleges lower your chances? All of the colleges I want to go to are on the opposite side of the country, and I'm now seeing that this could significantly lower my changes of getting in, which is very discouraging.
2023.03.25 02:56 Calm-Ad-3941 Found an old journal from 15 years ago
 | I only found out what being lithromantic was about 5 years ago, but I think I've always known. submitted by Calm-Ad-3941 to lithromantic [link] [comments] |
2023.03.25 02:56 Censorship_sucks21 Organizing & maintaining digital photos & vids as a parent... Where do I start?!
Hi! Mom of 2 here (almost 6 & almost 2) & this question is for other parents who fill their phones w pics of their kids but have found a way to organize & maintain them.
I DESPERATELY need to overhaul my photo (video) system & have no idea where to start.
I'm an Android user w Google photos to back up 15 years worth of pictures & videos. I pay annually for storage & after my youngest was born in 2021 I had to increase from the $30/yr plan to the 2TB $100/yr plan. My issue tho isn't w storage or the cost. Its w how to efficiently utilize the space & effectively maintain it. Its w taking advantage of the ability to print & frame photos that turn out really good, instead of forgetting all about them bc they get lost in the mess.
I have no idea how many photos or videos I have. I'm using 200GB of 2TB & a good amount of that could be deleted. But how do I declutter it? I take pics & vids of my kids daily, multiple times daily, & they don't always turn out, & aren't worth keeping. But its not something I think about deleting in the moment so everyday the hoard just gets bigger & bigger.
I want to go through it all- to delete duplicates, blurry, out of focus, bad lighting pics, ones my 5yo took? Where do I start? Then there's the videos. How do I go through 5 years of videos- sonogram appts, delivery & births, all the newborn firsts, & separate them from the random daily videos that didn't turn out right? Try to get vid of the baby babbling but her sibling runs thru mid recording completely naked... Or the back to back videos trying to get something specific on camera but they don't cooperate. These videos become useless but since I didn't delete them in the moment I now have years worth. How do I go thru them? Decide what to keep & what to delete? Is it going to take the hours on end I imagine it will? How do I organize them once they're decluttered?
And then let's say I'm able to get them cleared out, organized in some fashion? How does one go about maintaining such a system? How do I ensure I won't just be in the same boat 5 years from now? At this point I feel I'm going to need to spend like a full weekend locked in a room alone w lines of 🎱 (jk) or some other speedy 💊 while me kids are asleep so I can focus & even then I know I'll just get distracted watching all the old videos that I'll still never get anything done.
Any help & suggestions are much appreciated.
submitted by Censorship_sucks21 to declutter [link] [comments]
I DESPERATELY need to overhaul my photo (video) system & have no idea where to start.
I'm an Android user w Google photos to back up 15 years worth of pictures & videos. I pay annually for storage & after my youngest was born in 2021 I had to increase from the $30/yr plan to the 2TB $100/yr plan. My issue tho isn't w storage or the cost. Its w how to efficiently utilize the space & effectively maintain it. Its w taking advantage of the ability to print & frame photos that turn out really good, instead of forgetting all about them bc they get lost in the mess.
I have no idea how many photos or videos I have. I'm using 200GB of 2TB & a good amount of that could be deleted. But how do I declutter it? I take pics & vids of my kids daily, multiple times daily, & they don't always turn out, & aren't worth keeping. But its not something I think about deleting in the moment so everyday the hoard just gets bigger & bigger.
I want to go through it all- to delete duplicates, blurry, out of focus, bad lighting pics, ones my 5yo took? Where do I start? Then there's the videos. How do I go through 5 years of videos- sonogram appts, delivery & births, all the newborn firsts, & separate them from the random daily videos that didn't turn out right? Try to get vid of the baby babbling but her sibling runs thru mid recording completely naked... Or the back to back videos trying to get something specific on camera but they don't cooperate. These videos become useless but since I didn't delete them in the moment I now have years worth. How do I go thru them? Decide what to keep & what to delete? Is it going to take the hours on end I imagine it will? How do I organize them once they're decluttered?
And then let's say I'm able to get them cleared out, organized in some fashion? How does one go about maintaining such a system? How do I ensure I won't just be in the same boat 5 years from now? At this point I feel I'm going to need to spend like a full weekend locked in a room alone w lines of 🎱 (jk) or some other speedy 💊 while me kids are asleep so I can focus & even then I know I'll just get distracted watching all the old videos that I'll still never get anything done.
Any help & suggestions are much appreciated.
2023.03.25 02:55 CKain08 Glass children and faking autism
TW : suicidal thoughts/self-harm
" Glass children are those who are growing up in a home where a sibling takes up a disproportionate amount of parental energy "
Well. Disclaimer : I am not a child, alright, I am 20. But I've been thinking a lot about the last 10 years of my life, and I am, as much as it pains me, a glass child and I've been since my sister's born.
I want to be heard, you do wathever you want with this post. Treat it like a AITA thingy if you want.
Now back to my sis, Of course, at first, it was (I thought) only because I was the first born, the big sis, you know.
But 3 years ago, my sister discovered Tik Tok. Everyone knows Tik Tok, right? Well, we all know what kind of stuff we can find on that app! I, myself, found the description of a "glass child" there. I use Tik Tok frequently.
My sister always had problems with her friends. When she was younger, she was always in the middle of some arguing between two or three girls, never really had a day where she wasn't coming home with what I call "girl's gangs" problems (you know when two best friends suddenly split and get mad and get other friends to form like alliances and stuff to b*tch on the others? Ya know, old stuff, we've all been there).
She was never wrong in those situations. She was coming home laughing about how she was the peacemaker and never creating problems of some sort. Thing is, I know my sister. Like the back of my hand. Alright? I just... know when she's lying. Still, to this day, she always brags about how good she is to manipulate people and make them do what she wants. Alrighty girl, weird flex.
Well, she got to high school (what we call secondary one in Canada), and then, she started having anxiety. Like panic attacks and all? I've had those, still do these days, so I understood. I became her protector, her therapist, calming her down when my mother critized her for exagerating. I knew what to do, and I gave up all my energy to take care of her, of her mental health, as a good old sister does.
She made it to the second year of high school (secondary 2) with difficulties. Panic attacks again and all. 3 years ago, as I said, she discovered Tik Tok. I know Tik Tok and its algorithm : there are specific fyp where you can find videos about the same topic over and over again. I suspect she was in a dark side of Tik Tok, a depressed one, where you can see all sort of sad/depressing things and stories (I know, I've been there too, now trying to avoid it as much as I can because it affects me mentally and I start spiralling).
Cutting her hair short ( I guess the "funny mentally hill" trend where you cut your hair on a headbutt and dye it, I know, been there too).
Sexuality explored too. Like she was trans for a while and wanted us to call her another name (she isn't anymore, she told me so about 3 months in). I always respected her choices and calling her what she wanted to be called at that time. She was a kid, she was 13, so she was discovering herself and her preferences and all. No problem with that.
She started hanging out with some people like that too. She had a non-binary friend, a trans one, a furry one, etc. She was having fun with them. Great people. She finally had a group.
Some of them, however, had the same experiences we all hear about on Tik Tok. You know, some of them not in a great home, or in a bad relationship with parents, depression, anxiety. Hate to say it, but you know those people on Tik Tok who (unfortunatly) are bullied on the internet for being... like... huuuuh (wondering how to say that without insulting anyone) like stereotypical? Like... you know those who wants a cat litter in a classroom in a unironical way? Some of her friend were a little extremist on that plan. Again, never really bothered me.
We have two parents, a mom and a dad. They divorced when I was 7. My sister was 3. They never fought in front of us, never heard them, it was really a suprise. They went their separate ways. Me and my sis got used to go to each of them for a week, and then go back to the other for a week. It was fine, working good. My parents are both accountants, my mom teaching it too. I had a strong disagreement with my mom in 2019 about one of her (numerous) boyfriends. The only one i really hated with all my heart. This resulted in me leaving her house for about a year. My sis was still doing 1 week/1 week. Apart of that, my parents are pretty basic ones, never abused us and we always had everything we needed.
I started college. I loved it, still do, and was finally starting my life as an adult, I started a great job, was doing good in school and... was still helping my sister and my parents with her anxiety/ panic attacks. Even learn in my degree how to deal with people who disorganize.
Then, the cutting started. A lot of her friend were doing it, she told me. And then she started having those episodes where she was cutting herself. Never with something sharp, like a knife or else. But with like compass and crayons? Then, she started having suicidal thoughts. Then, and that is where it all went down, she called 911 for suicidal thoughts. She was home alone and the police called my mom.
What had she done? Scratch herself... with a pencil.
I've had panic attacks before. And suicidal thoughts that crossed my mind but I never acted on them. Never. And I can't imagine myself doing it. I talked about it, of course, with my best friend, someone I trusted and it was making me feel better. How did I know my sister was doing that and having those thoughts? She just said it, casually, at dinner with the whole family. Like... girl? It really got the mood down, everyone worried and she was like... glowing? I don't know how to say it.
She was always a bit dramatic and had a way of making everything about herself, but it was never about negative things. More like flexing a good grade or whatever. She was always talking about how depressed she was, how she was suicidal, and the things she was saying were... like straight up a depressing tik tok. Like one day I found something she said ( I think it was like "you don't understand how this feels it is like blablabla i don't remember) WORD FOR WORD in a Tik Tok. It is like she wasn't expressing her feelings, but made up phrases you find on the Internet when you type "panic attacks" or "depression".
After a second call to 911 for taking 10 advils, she got admitted to psychiatry. At that time, I was watching my parents fall appart, running around to appointments for her, my dad having stress acnea (at 45) and both of them exhausted. It was a real drama. Everyone in the family talked about it. It was the only subject of discussion, the only thing that was on everyone's mind.
I was hanging out my seat in class with my phone on my belly to be sure to feel it vibrate if something happened. We were all in a bad place.
And then, we got a diagnosis of autism.
I'm sorry, what? Where does that come from? I mean, alright, we'll deal with that one.
But then. That's where all went down for me. Sis started therapy, changed school, went to an adapted classroom for people like her and with disabilities. My parents were still all over the place.
Except where I needed them.
I was 18, at that time, starting adulthood. I have ADHD. It is really hard for me to respect a schedule, think about every appointments I have, every homework, every luggage I can't forget to bring to mom's or to dad's. I was also giving my all in school, never missed anything, straight A's and working my ass off.
I started realising that everytime my parents texted me was to ask/talk about my sis.
Every. Single. Time.
They'd ask me to bring my sister her lunch that she forgot, to go get her when she was down, or get her to her appointments like I didn't have a whole fu**ing life I was trying so hard to keep on line.
I gave all my free time to her needs and my parents's. I educated myself on autism, defended her when my mom was thinking she was faking because I wanted to prove I was there for her. That I was the life saving good sister. I never, ever, heard her say thank you.
Never.
The only compliments my parents were giving me is "thank you for getting your sis for us. Thank you for being there for her. Thank you for doing things with her."
I went trough some stuff, at that time. I hurt my knee and was failing my physical tests. It got to the point I wasn't even sure I liked my degree anymore. I was having a really hard time. But my parents never saw my pain. I have a tendency to hide things, sure, but I was really trying to talk to them about how I was feeling. They were listening, and letting go. Why didn't they start worrying for me like they did for my sister? I don't know, don't really care now. I was having suicidal thoughts too, I wanted to yeet myself in a tree and even stopped driving so it wouldn't give me options. They left me alone, because everytime I tried bringing up the fact that I was not in a good place, my sister was disorganizing at school and they needed to go to the hospital to be both there for her while she fainted from hyperventilating. Every fcking time I was talking to my sister, she was acting like she lived trough everything and was telling me she knew more about suicidal thoughts than me cause she went to psychiatry. Excuse me miss gurl, but who was fcking there to help you trough your panic attacks hun? How do you think I know so much?
Seeing I had practically no support from my already exhausted parents, I took matters into my own hands and started going to therapy. My doctor also prescribed me with anti-depressants. I was going to be ok... on my own. I've had really bad days, real hard ones. But I got back on my two feet. At least, I think so.
School was over and it was time for summer break. I had a job I loved on a boat. I've had a blast on that boat, I wasn't jumping from a house to another, I wasn't always in luggages, I had my own room like a little appartment of my own on the ship. I slowly started to discover a backpacking/adventurous side of myself. I needed air, was travelling far from home as soon as I had a week or two off of the boat.
At the same time, my sister had stopped self-harming and having suicidal thoughts. She's was now in a school for adults to finish her 4th and 5th year of college. She wasn't in a special classroom anymore. Changed friend group.
But here's the thing. Cause there is always a "but".
I started realising how much my sister was toying with us, with my parents. As soon as the diagnosis fell, she became unsufferable. For example, when I say I hate loud noises and strong light, she says she has it tougher because, ya know, "i'm autistic". I can't say something without her saying she has autism and that's why she has it worse.
When I have a good grade or I've hit a PR at the gym, I tell my parents because I am happy. I try to see life the good way, now. I'm quite proud of all the personal work i've done.
But she can't have a normal day.
It is always "ho I hated school because the light was making a sound" or something to point out she has autism.
I talked to one of my friend who is a social worker, and he told me autism is usually apparent in children. My sis was diagnosed at 15. But, and hear me out, all the things that make her autistic according to her psychiatrist... she's never really had them before.
You remember at the beginning of this rant how I told you I know when my sister is lying?
Well. I don't think an autistic person possess the flex of "being able to manipulate people so easily to get what you want".
She's always bragging about how smart she is compared to us because, you know, "ShE cAn FeElS eNeRgiEs AnD pEoPlE AnD iT AfFeCts hEr". Well, honey, I don't think that is autism. It is always little comment about how special she is because she can't do this, or that. Like I have ADHD, alright? I'm stimming all the time. I don't point it out to people for fun, actually, i'm quite ashamed of it sometimes. She bought all those fidget toys and brings them ALL to school to show how much she needs them.
One reason of why I am mad, as you can (unfortunatly) see, is my father's attitude.
The fact that my sis had episodes of suicidal thoughts and acts traumatized him. With reasons, don't get me wrong.
But now, she's clearly living well of drama and stereotypical behavior she never had before.
My father is fucking afraid of telling her no.
Like man, I don't think that if you ask her to unload the dishwasher ONE FUCKI*NG time that she's going to kill herself. Like come on.
One time, she called him cause she fainted cause she was hyperventilating cause the cleaner at her school wore a different hat than usual. Or another time where she learn that two teachers were eating togueter at lunch and not in the cafeteria?
I know my sister. She is clearly using him. She's got him hooked with a silent threat of hurting herself or making it impossible for him to receive a phone call without thinking she committed.
And. She. Fucking. Knows. It.
She left my mother's house because my mom wasn't buying her shit.
She left with all her drama about how she could appologize but she needs her space to think about what she (mom) did.
BRUH did what?!?!?!? It was so sudden, what are you on about?
All her life, she was good at one thing : breaking people's relationship.
I know, because I'm not blind.
She's the type of person that looks at you after saying your deepest secret in front of everyone and be like : "oups teehee🤪 you know i can't keep a secret" or she plays dumb "i didn't know it was a secret oupsis" with this little dumb face that I know by heart means "I win you fuck*ng idiot".
She broke the good relationship my parents had by pretending mom told her something when it wasn't right or vice versa. When she's at dad's, she always talks about all the things mom does that sucks. When she was at mom, she was always talking about how bad it was at dad.
I was in the middle like , bruh, it isn't even that bad. And of course, my parents both being proud individuals started feeling supperior than the other and downgrading the other in front of us (wich you know my sis was repeating over and over to everyone).
But because my parents are fucking blind they let her riled them up against each others. So now they don't talk. And when they do, it is always to argue about how to take care of my sis.
To make a clear example of how she gets everything she wants :
She always tells me that she wants a Mira dog. Like a service dog. She's going to keep creating dramatic scenarios like that until my father cries and decides it is the last option we have.
But no. After the dog, it is going to be another need for neurodivergent people that she's probably going to see on Tik Tok.
Because yes, she faints and yes, she is hyperventilating. But I can create scenario in my head and make them real too (maladaptive daydreaming oups). Anxiety works like that : if I start hyperventilating for 45 seconds, my body jumps to survival mode and the mammoth thing ang boom, there you have your panic attack.
Yes. She is mentally hill.
But she's not autistic. She does not need a service dog. And she can't continue leading people on like that.
She's in need of negative attention. She hates when we compliment her, she hates when we wish her happy brithday and all. But she's always talking about how she did bad at this exam and ho people please comfort me. There's always something going on with her.
She stopped self-harming and having suicidal toughts. People started living normally.
So she restarts panic attacks but she already has a psychiatrist so she needs more.
Lets go to the hospital, something's wrong with my heart. Then she's got the pleasure of walking around school with a machine to record her heart thingy.
Nope. Nothing wrong.
People start forgetting.
Whoops now she's fainting and we don't know why.
Hospital trip yeah.
Nothing's wrong.
Then she buys a machine to keep track of her blood pressure.
Does a doctor prescribed it?
Nope. You can just buy it so she did. And she could do it like in the morning, at lunch or at night, but no, she absolutly needs to do it in front of everyone, making noise in class while the teacher is talking.
And i'm starting to get fed up.
About a year into this nightmare, 3 years ago, I stopped feeling.
I wasn't able to feel anything. And that is why, today, I can write this and unfortunatly for some, it will be controversial.
After my downfall, when my sister was in need...
I did not care.
At all.
She could do whatever she wanted to do. She could have as much trip to the hospital as she wanted.
I . Did . Not . Care .
I was going to class.
And my phone was on silent.
I don't want to know. I don't care. Don't you get it? Mom, dad, leave me alone. You did it well, right? Continue.
I am an horrible human being. My best friend tries to comfort me saying that my heart of stone is a form of self-protection, a defense mechanism that I developped 3 years to protect myself and not live trough what my sister put us trough without knowing (or caring?).
Still.
I am an egoist.
But I do not care.
You want to make me feel like a glass child?
Alright alright.
I'll deal with it.
But now the glass is fed up.
And it is about to break.
Good bye and thank you.
submitted by CKain08 to DysfunctionalFamily [link] [comments]
" Glass children are those who are growing up in a home where a sibling takes up a disproportionate amount of parental energy "
Well. Disclaimer : I am not a child, alright, I am 20. But I've been thinking a lot about the last 10 years of my life, and I am, as much as it pains me, a glass child and I've been since my sister's born.
I want to be heard, you do wathever you want with this post. Treat it like a AITA thingy if you want.
Now back to my sis, Of course, at first, it was (I thought) only because I was the first born, the big sis, you know.
But 3 years ago, my sister discovered Tik Tok. Everyone knows Tik Tok, right? Well, we all know what kind of stuff we can find on that app! I, myself, found the description of a "glass child" there. I use Tik Tok frequently.
My sister always had problems with her friends. When she was younger, she was always in the middle of some arguing between two or three girls, never really had a day where she wasn't coming home with what I call "girl's gangs" problems (you know when two best friends suddenly split and get mad and get other friends to form like alliances and stuff to b*tch on the others? Ya know, old stuff, we've all been there).
She was never wrong in those situations. She was coming home laughing about how she was the peacemaker and never creating problems of some sort. Thing is, I know my sister. Like the back of my hand. Alright? I just... know when she's lying. Still, to this day, she always brags about how good she is to manipulate people and make them do what she wants. Alrighty girl, weird flex.
Well, she got to high school (what we call secondary one in Canada), and then, she started having anxiety. Like panic attacks and all? I've had those, still do these days, so I understood. I became her protector, her therapist, calming her down when my mother critized her for exagerating. I knew what to do, and I gave up all my energy to take care of her, of her mental health, as a good old sister does.
She made it to the second year of high school (secondary 2) with difficulties. Panic attacks again and all. 3 years ago, as I said, she discovered Tik Tok. I know Tik Tok and its algorithm : there are specific fyp where you can find videos about the same topic over and over again. I suspect she was in a dark side of Tik Tok, a depressed one, where you can see all sort of sad/depressing things and stories (I know, I've been there too, now trying to avoid it as much as I can because it affects me mentally and I start spiralling).
Cutting her hair short ( I guess the "funny mentally hill" trend where you cut your hair on a headbutt and dye it, I know, been there too).
Sexuality explored too. Like she was trans for a while and wanted us to call her another name (she isn't anymore, she told me so about 3 months in). I always respected her choices and calling her what she wanted to be called at that time. She was a kid, she was 13, so she was discovering herself and her preferences and all. No problem with that.
She started hanging out with some people like that too. She had a non-binary friend, a trans one, a furry one, etc. She was having fun with them. Great people. She finally had a group.
Some of them, however, had the same experiences we all hear about on Tik Tok. You know, some of them not in a great home, or in a bad relationship with parents, depression, anxiety. Hate to say it, but you know those people on Tik Tok who (unfortunatly) are bullied on the internet for being... like... huuuuh (wondering how to say that without insulting anyone) like stereotypical? Like... you know those who wants a cat litter in a classroom in a unironical way? Some of her friend were a little extremist on that plan. Again, never really bothered me.
We have two parents, a mom and a dad. They divorced when I was 7. My sister was 3. They never fought in front of us, never heard them, it was really a suprise. They went their separate ways. Me and my sis got used to go to each of them for a week, and then go back to the other for a week. It was fine, working good. My parents are both accountants, my mom teaching it too. I had a strong disagreement with my mom in 2019 about one of her (numerous) boyfriends. The only one i really hated with all my heart. This resulted in me leaving her house for about a year. My sis was still doing 1 week/1 week. Apart of that, my parents are pretty basic ones, never abused us and we always had everything we needed.
I started college. I loved it, still do, and was finally starting my life as an adult, I started a great job, was doing good in school and... was still helping my sister and my parents with her anxiety/ panic attacks. Even learn in my degree how to deal with people who disorganize.
Then, the cutting started. A lot of her friend were doing it, she told me. And then she started having those episodes where she was cutting herself. Never with something sharp, like a knife or else. But with like compass and crayons? Then, she started having suicidal thoughts. Then, and that is where it all went down, she called 911 for suicidal thoughts. She was home alone and the police called my mom.
What had she done? Scratch herself... with a pencil.
I've had panic attacks before. And suicidal thoughts that crossed my mind but I never acted on them. Never. And I can't imagine myself doing it. I talked about it, of course, with my best friend, someone I trusted and it was making me feel better. How did I know my sister was doing that and having those thoughts? She just said it, casually, at dinner with the whole family. Like... girl? It really got the mood down, everyone worried and she was like... glowing? I don't know how to say it.
She was always a bit dramatic and had a way of making everything about herself, but it was never about negative things. More like flexing a good grade or whatever. She was always talking about how depressed she was, how she was suicidal, and the things she was saying were... like straight up a depressing tik tok. Like one day I found something she said ( I think it was like "you don't understand how this feels it is like blablabla i don't remember) WORD FOR WORD in a Tik Tok. It is like she wasn't expressing her feelings, but made up phrases you find on the Internet when you type "panic attacks" or "depression".
After a second call to 911 for taking 10 advils, she got admitted to psychiatry. At that time, I was watching my parents fall appart, running around to appointments for her, my dad having stress acnea (at 45) and both of them exhausted. It was a real drama. Everyone in the family talked about it. It was the only subject of discussion, the only thing that was on everyone's mind.
I was hanging out my seat in class with my phone on my belly to be sure to feel it vibrate if something happened. We were all in a bad place.
And then, we got a diagnosis of autism.
I'm sorry, what? Where does that come from? I mean, alright, we'll deal with that one.
But then. That's where all went down for me. Sis started therapy, changed school, went to an adapted classroom for people like her and with disabilities. My parents were still all over the place.
Except where I needed them.
I was 18, at that time, starting adulthood. I have ADHD. It is really hard for me to respect a schedule, think about every appointments I have, every homework, every luggage I can't forget to bring to mom's or to dad's. I was also giving my all in school, never missed anything, straight A's and working my ass off.
I started realising that everytime my parents texted me was to ask/talk about my sis.
Every. Single. Time.
They'd ask me to bring my sister her lunch that she forgot, to go get her when she was down, or get her to her appointments like I didn't have a whole fu**ing life I was trying so hard to keep on line.
I gave all my free time to her needs and my parents's. I educated myself on autism, defended her when my mom was thinking she was faking because I wanted to prove I was there for her. That I was the life saving good sister. I never, ever, heard her say thank you.
Never.
The only compliments my parents were giving me is "thank you for getting your sis for us. Thank you for being there for her. Thank you for doing things with her."
I went trough some stuff, at that time. I hurt my knee and was failing my physical tests. It got to the point I wasn't even sure I liked my degree anymore. I was having a really hard time. But my parents never saw my pain. I have a tendency to hide things, sure, but I was really trying to talk to them about how I was feeling. They were listening, and letting go. Why didn't they start worrying for me like they did for my sister? I don't know, don't really care now. I was having suicidal thoughts too, I wanted to yeet myself in a tree and even stopped driving so it wouldn't give me options. They left me alone, because everytime I tried bringing up the fact that I was not in a good place, my sister was disorganizing at school and they needed to go to the hospital to be both there for her while she fainted from hyperventilating. Every fcking time I was talking to my sister, she was acting like she lived trough everything and was telling me she knew more about suicidal thoughts than me cause she went to psychiatry. Excuse me miss gurl, but who was fcking there to help you trough your panic attacks hun? How do you think I know so much?
Seeing I had practically no support from my already exhausted parents, I took matters into my own hands and started going to therapy. My doctor also prescribed me with anti-depressants. I was going to be ok... on my own. I've had really bad days, real hard ones. But I got back on my two feet. At least, I think so.
School was over and it was time for summer break. I had a job I loved on a boat. I've had a blast on that boat, I wasn't jumping from a house to another, I wasn't always in luggages, I had my own room like a little appartment of my own on the ship. I slowly started to discover a backpacking/adventurous side of myself. I needed air, was travelling far from home as soon as I had a week or two off of the boat.
At the same time, my sister had stopped self-harming and having suicidal thoughts. She's was now in a school for adults to finish her 4th and 5th year of college. She wasn't in a special classroom anymore. Changed friend group.
But here's the thing. Cause there is always a "but".
I started realising how much my sister was toying with us, with my parents. As soon as the diagnosis fell, she became unsufferable. For example, when I say I hate loud noises and strong light, she says she has it tougher because, ya know, "i'm autistic". I can't say something without her saying she has autism and that's why she has it worse.
When I have a good grade or I've hit a PR at the gym, I tell my parents because I am happy. I try to see life the good way, now. I'm quite proud of all the personal work i've done.
But she can't have a normal day.
It is always "ho I hated school because the light was making a sound" or something to point out she has autism.
I talked to one of my friend who is a social worker, and he told me autism is usually apparent in children. My sis was diagnosed at 15. But, and hear me out, all the things that make her autistic according to her psychiatrist... she's never really had them before.
You remember at the beginning of this rant how I told you I know when my sister is lying?
Well. I don't think an autistic person possess the flex of "being able to manipulate people so easily to get what you want".
She's always bragging about how smart she is compared to us because, you know, "ShE cAn FeElS eNeRgiEs AnD pEoPlE AnD iT AfFeCts hEr". Well, honey, I don't think that is autism. It is always little comment about how special she is because she can't do this, or that. Like I have ADHD, alright? I'm stimming all the time. I don't point it out to people for fun, actually, i'm quite ashamed of it sometimes. She bought all those fidget toys and brings them ALL to school to show how much she needs them.
One reason of why I am mad, as you can (unfortunatly) see, is my father's attitude.
The fact that my sis had episodes of suicidal thoughts and acts traumatized him. With reasons, don't get me wrong.
But now, she's clearly living well of drama and stereotypical behavior she never had before.
My father is fucking afraid of telling her no.
Like man, I don't think that if you ask her to unload the dishwasher ONE FUCKI*NG time that she's going to kill herself. Like come on.
One time, she called him cause she fainted cause she was hyperventilating cause the cleaner at her school wore a different hat than usual. Or another time where she learn that two teachers were eating togueter at lunch and not in the cafeteria?
I know my sister. She is clearly using him. She's got him hooked with a silent threat of hurting herself or making it impossible for him to receive a phone call without thinking she committed.
And. She. Fucking. Knows. It.
She left my mother's house because my mom wasn't buying her shit.
She left with all her drama about how she could appologize but she needs her space to think about what she (mom) did.
BRUH did what?!?!?!? It was so sudden, what are you on about?
All her life, she was good at one thing : breaking people's relationship.
I know, because I'm not blind.
She's the type of person that looks at you after saying your deepest secret in front of everyone and be like : "oups teehee🤪 you know i can't keep a secret" or she plays dumb "i didn't know it was a secret oupsis" with this little dumb face that I know by heart means "I win you fuck*ng idiot".
She broke the good relationship my parents had by pretending mom told her something when it wasn't right or vice versa. When she's at dad's, she always talks about all the things mom does that sucks. When she was at mom, she was always talking about how bad it was at dad.
I was in the middle like , bruh, it isn't even that bad. And of course, my parents both being proud individuals started feeling supperior than the other and downgrading the other in front of us (wich you know my sis was repeating over and over to everyone).
But because my parents are fucking blind they let her riled them up against each others. So now they don't talk. And when they do, it is always to argue about how to take care of my sis.
To make a clear example of how she gets everything she wants :
She always tells me that she wants a Mira dog. Like a service dog. She's going to keep creating dramatic scenarios like that until my father cries and decides it is the last option we have.
But no. After the dog, it is going to be another need for neurodivergent people that she's probably going to see on Tik Tok.
Because yes, she faints and yes, she is hyperventilating. But I can create scenario in my head and make them real too (maladaptive daydreaming oups). Anxiety works like that : if I start hyperventilating for 45 seconds, my body jumps to survival mode and the mammoth thing ang boom, there you have your panic attack.
Yes. She is mentally hill.
But she's not autistic. She does not need a service dog. And she can't continue leading people on like that.
She's in need of negative attention. She hates when we compliment her, she hates when we wish her happy brithday and all. But she's always talking about how she did bad at this exam and ho people please comfort me. There's always something going on with her.
She stopped self-harming and having suicidal toughts. People started living normally.
So she restarts panic attacks but she already has a psychiatrist so she needs more.
Lets go to the hospital, something's wrong with my heart. Then she's got the pleasure of walking around school with a machine to record her heart thingy.
Nope. Nothing wrong.
People start forgetting.
Whoops now she's fainting and we don't know why.
Hospital trip yeah.
Nothing's wrong.
Then she buys a machine to keep track of her blood pressure.
Does a doctor prescribed it?
Nope. You can just buy it so she did. And she could do it like in the morning, at lunch or at night, but no, she absolutly needs to do it in front of everyone, making noise in class while the teacher is talking.
And i'm starting to get fed up.
About a year into this nightmare, 3 years ago, I stopped feeling.
I wasn't able to feel anything. And that is why, today, I can write this and unfortunatly for some, it will be controversial.
After my downfall, when my sister was in need...
I did not care.
At all.
She could do whatever she wanted to do. She could have as much trip to the hospital as she wanted.
I . Did . Not . Care .
I was going to class.
And my phone was on silent.
I don't want to know. I don't care. Don't you get it? Mom, dad, leave me alone. You did it well, right? Continue.
I am an horrible human being. My best friend tries to comfort me saying that my heart of stone is a form of self-protection, a defense mechanism that I developped 3 years to protect myself and not live trough what my sister put us trough without knowing (or caring?).
Still.
I am an egoist.
But I do not care.
You want to make me feel like a glass child?
Alright alright.
I'll deal with it.
But now the glass is fed up.
And it is about to break.
Good bye and thank you.
2023.03.25 02:55 Ratio01 [Walt Disney World] 3/21-3/23 Trip Report (Cosmic Rewind)
I took a family trip to Disney World for Spring Break and it actually went really great. Nearly every aspect went perfectly, weather was largely fantastic, my party got a lot done, and there were even a couple big surprises.
To keep things organized, I'll go park by park
We tried getting a VQ for Tron but unfortunately failed at both 7am and 1pm. The new credit will have to wait for another day.
The best part of the day however was
The general consensus seems to be that Conga is the best song for the ride. I got One Way or Another on my first ride, which was still pretty good.
Oh yeah, but some miracle of the coaster gods we got two rides of Cosmic Rewind, managing to land a VQ spot aftef the 1pm refresh. We got Disco Infero for that ride, which I think was slightly worse than One Way or Another but still a good pick.
Thankfully, the themepark gods were benevolent and not only made my brother the revel spy on Star Tours, but also gave us a 20 minute wait for Rise at 4:30pm, despite the posted wait time being well over an hour. To be clear, that was 20 minutes to the Rey pre-show, we still had to wait another 10 minutes to get the interrogation room, and got held back for another 10 minutes due to technical errors. But, even still, the entire thing, from us entering the queue to exiting the ride, was exactly an hour, which is just fantastic for Rise.
After that we watched Muppetvision, ended the day with Fantasmic, and my brother and I used our second Tower of Terror Lightning Lane to close out the trip with an encore..
In all, a great trip, with the only real downers being not getting on Tron, Rock'n being closed, Slinky breaking, and Hollywood Studios just being a hot day, but even thing the only thing I got genuinely upset by was Slinky breaking. I also bought some merch on my way out; a Hades hoodie, some Spider-Man pins, and a Hatbox Ghost figpin.
I don't know when I'll be visiting Disney World again but this was a damn good visit to hold me over til then. This was my first time visiting WDW not part of a multi-family party in over 2 years and it made me realize just how much I love these parks when 8+ people aren't trying to plan a day that needs to accommodate for a toddler.
submitted by Ratio01 to rollercoasters [link] [comments]
To keep things organized, I'll go park by park
Magic Kingdom
On Tuesday we did Magic Kingdom. For this day, we decided to try out the Genie+ system for the first time, and, regrettably, it was really useful. I absolutely hate that a once free skip the line system is now paid and more restrictive in terms of how many fast passes you can book, but even with that Genie+ saved us a lot of time. We managed to snag times for the two Mountains, Huanted Mansion, and Jungle Cruise, and waited Stand By for Pirates, Seven Dwarves, and did a grand circle tour of WDW Railroad first time upon enter. Even the lines we did wait through were fairly manageable, with Pirates being 45 and Seven Dwarves being 90.We tried getting a VQ for Tron but unfortunately failed at both 7am and 1pm. The new credit will have to wait for another day.
Epcot
On Wednesday we did Epccot and this was by far the most lucrative day. Instead of doing Genie+, we chose to buy and individual Lightning Lane for Cosmic Rewind. I feel that was the best move cause the wait times were honestly really good, even Frozen and Ratatouille never extended past the 70min mark. We got a lot done that day, even getting near walk ons for Spaceship Earth and Soarin (and Living With the Land but peak is always a station wait at most).The best part of the day however was
Credit 58: Cosmic Rewind
Instead of leaving it up to chance, we bit the bullet for Cosmic Rewind and bought individual Lightning Lanes and, man, I'm glad we did. This ride is fucking amazing. I'm still on the fence of if it tops Everest as my favorite WDW coaster, but if I decide it does I'm glad it's this one. While light on air time, everything else of the ride is so good that I honestly don't mind. The theming is engaging and clever, the on board audio is perfect, the layout is really fun and there were even moments of surprising strong positives. I've been waiting to get a ride on this for well over a year and it blew my expectations out of the water.The general consensus seems to be that Conga is the best song for the ride. I got One Way or Another on my first ride, which was still pretty good.
Oh yeah, but some miracle of the coaster gods we got two rides of Cosmic Rewind, managing to land a VQ spot aftef the 1pm refresh. We got Disco Infero for that ride, which I think was slightly worse than One Way or Another but still a good pick.
Hollywood Studios
The final day of the trip was Hollywood Studios, which was definitely the most mixed day. We did Genie+ this day, which worked put great. We landed times for Tower of Terror (twice), Runaway Railway, Toy Story Mania Smuggler's Run, and Beauty and the Beast. What we did not snag a time for was Slinky, which I very much wish we did. With a posted wait time of 90min, we ended up waiting 2 hours due to the ride breaking when we were just a couple switchbacks away from boarding. Waiting through a 90min + 15min break down for the most mid ride in the entire resort is not sonething I'd wish on my worst enemy.Thankfully, the themepark gods were benevolent and not only made my brother the revel spy on Star Tours, but also gave us a 20 minute wait for Rise at 4:30pm, despite the posted wait time being well over an hour. To be clear, that was 20 minutes to the Rey pre-show, we still had to wait another 10 minutes to get the interrogation room, and got held back for another 10 minutes due to technical errors. But, even still, the entire thing, from us entering the queue to exiting the ride, was exactly an hour, which is just fantastic for Rise.
After that we watched Muppetvision, ended the day with Fantasmic, and my brother and I used our second Tower of Terror Lightning Lane to close out the trip with an encore..
In all, a great trip, with the only real downers being not getting on Tron, Rock'n being closed, Slinky breaking, and Hollywood Studios just being a hot day, but even thing the only thing I got genuinely upset by was Slinky breaking. I also bought some merch on my way out; a Hades hoodie, some Spider-Man pins, and a Hatbox Ghost figpin.
I don't know when I'll be visiting Disney World again but this was a damn good visit to hold me over til then. This was my first time visiting WDW not part of a multi-family party in over 2 years and it made me realize just how much I love these parks when 8+ people aren't trying to plan a day that needs to accommodate for a toddler.
2023.03.25 02:53 Mysteriousglas Dog referred out of grooming?
What does referred out mean in the grooming department?
My dog has been going to Petco grooming for a while and has always done great. Groomer and staff always commenting on how well he did and loving him. We switched to a closer location and while the groomer seemed experienced (few years), he didn’t seem to match with my dog, he was not warm towards him and slightly rough but I didn’t worry. When I picked my dog out I was a little shocked at the shaving and the groomer said the session didn’t go too well, that my dog was scared and trying to hide the whole time. This was very surprising to me given his previous experiences (when he was even happy to go get groomed). I was upset but didn’t say anything because I don’t do well with confrontation or speaking up. I left the groomer a tip. Later I saw a review online from someone who had a very similar experience to me, it upset me again (especially after looking more closely seeing the uneven shaving on the legs) so I decided to chat with Petco to let them know about my negative experience, I didn’t want a refund but I stated the booking system should maybe let people know what type of dogs the groomers love and dislike to make it easier for both groomer and client.
A few days later the manager of the store left a voicemail asking to talk to me but I got too busy with work and also at that point didn’t want to discuss it and just wanted to put it behind me. Hair grows back and I would just call my previous location to ask for a good match.
When. I tried to book I was told my dog had been referred out. The lady was confused that I didn’t know that and that no one had discussed it with me. No notes mentioned the reason and she did remember my dog very well and how much everyone had loved him. I explained what had happened and it confused her even more, and she said she would call the other store about it. She booked my dog with someone who had helped previously and wanted to groom him, but this whole thing is a little upsetting. I had an issue with a specific groomer, my dog is now terrified to get anywhere near that specific location, but my dog isn’t difficult to groom, does not have any behavior issues (he’s gentle), or any health issues. I feel like this was retaliation for complaining about the session and I don’t think it’s ok…
submitted by Mysteriousglas to petco [link] [comments]
My dog has been going to Petco grooming for a while and has always done great. Groomer and staff always commenting on how well he did and loving him. We switched to a closer location and while the groomer seemed experienced (few years), he didn’t seem to match with my dog, he was not warm towards him and slightly rough but I didn’t worry. When I picked my dog out I was a little shocked at the shaving and the groomer said the session didn’t go too well, that my dog was scared and trying to hide the whole time. This was very surprising to me given his previous experiences (when he was even happy to go get groomed). I was upset but didn’t say anything because I don’t do well with confrontation or speaking up. I left the groomer a tip. Later I saw a review online from someone who had a very similar experience to me, it upset me again (especially after looking more closely seeing the uneven shaving on the legs) so I decided to chat with Petco to let them know about my negative experience, I didn’t want a refund but I stated the booking system should maybe let people know what type of dogs the groomers love and dislike to make it easier for both groomer and client.
A few days later the manager of the store left a voicemail asking to talk to me but I got too busy with work and also at that point didn’t want to discuss it and just wanted to put it behind me. Hair grows back and I would just call my previous location to ask for a good match.
When. I tried to book I was told my dog had been referred out. The lady was confused that I didn’t know that and that no one had discussed it with me. No notes mentioned the reason and she did remember my dog very well and how much everyone had loved him. I explained what had happened and it confused her even more, and she said she would call the other store about it. She booked my dog with someone who had helped previously and wanted to groom him, but this whole thing is a little upsetting. I had an issue with a specific groomer, my dog is now terrified to get anywhere near that specific location, but my dog isn’t difficult to groom, does not have any behavior issues (he’s gentle), or any health issues. I feel like this was retaliation for complaining about the session and I don’t think it’s ok…
2023.03.25 02:53 Harvey89ui Where to Watch Scream 6 Online For Free Reddit?
Scream Fan’s! Here are options for downloading or watching Scream 6 streaming the full movie online for free on 123movies & Reddit, including where to watch the anticipated artificial intelligence horror movie at home. Scream 6 2023 available to stream? Is watching Scream 6 on Disney Plus, HBO Max, Netflix or Amazon Prime? Yes, we have found an authentic streaming option/service and is now available to watch from the comfort of your own home.
Watch Now➤ ►https://urmovieclub.online/movie/934433/scream-vi
Is Scream 6 on Netflix?
Scream 6 is not available to watch on Netflix. If you're interested in other Movies and shows, one can access the vast library of titles within Netflix under various subscription costs depending on the plan you choose: $9.99 per month for the basic plan, $15.99 monthly for the standard plan, and $19.99 a month for the premium plan.
Is Scream 6 on Hulu?
They're not on Hulu, either! But prices for this streaming service currently start at $6.99 per month, or $69.99 for the whole year. For the ad-fre eversion, it's $12.99 per month, $64.99 per month for Hulu + Live TV, or $70.99 for the ad-free Hulu + Live TV.
Is Scream 6 on Disney Plus?
No sign of Scream 6 on Disney +,which is proof that the House of Mouse doesn't have its hands on every franchise! Home tothe likes of 'Star Wars', 'Marvel', 'Pixar', National Geographic', ESPN, STAR and so much more, Disney+ is available at the annual membership fee of $79.99, or the monthly cost of$7.99. If you're a fan of even one of these brands, then signing up to Disney+ is definitely worth it, and there aren't any ads, either.
Is Scream 6 on HBO Max?
Sorry, Scream 6is not available on HBO Max. There is a lot of content from HBO Max for $14.99 a month, such a subscription is ad-free and it allows you to access all the titles in the library of HBO Max. The streaming platform announced an ad-supported version that costs a lot less at the price of $9.99 per month.
Is Scream 6 on Amazon Video?
Unfortunately, Scream 6is not available to stream for free on Amazon Prime Video. However, you can choose others hows and Movies to watch from there as it has a wide variety of shows and Movies that you can choose from for $14.99 a month.
Is Scream 6 on Peacock?
Scream 6is not available to watch on Peacock at the time of writing. Peacock offers a subscription costing$4.99 a month or $49.99 per year for a premium account. As their namesake, the streaming platform is free with content out in the open, however, limited.
Is Scream 6 on Paramount Plus?
Scream 6is not on Paramount Plus. Paramount Plus has two subscription options: the basic version ad-supported Paramount+ Essential service costs$4.99 per month, and an ad-free premium plan for $9.99 per month. costs$4.99 per month, and an ad-free premium plan for $9.99 per month. ()
submitted by Harvey89ui to UFC4 [link] [comments]
Watch Now➤ ►https://urmovieclub.online/movie/934433/scream-vi
Is Scream 6 on Netflix?
Scream 6 is not available to watch on Netflix. If you're interested in other Movies and shows, one can access the vast library of titles within Netflix under various subscription costs depending on the plan you choose: $9.99 per month for the basic plan, $15.99 monthly for the standard plan, and $19.99 a month for the premium plan.
Is Scream 6 on Hulu?
They're not on Hulu, either! But prices for this streaming service currently start at $6.99 per month, or $69.99 for the whole year. For the ad-fre eversion, it's $12.99 per month, $64.99 per month for Hulu + Live TV, or $70.99 for the ad-free Hulu + Live TV.
Is Scream 6 on Disney Plus?
No sign of Scream 6 on Disney +,which is proof that the House of Mouse doesn't have its hands on every franchise! Home tothe likes of 'Star Wars', 'Marvel', 'Pixar', National Geographic', ESPN, STAR and so much more, Disney+ is available at the annual membership fee of $79.99, or the monthly cost of$7.99. If you're a fan of even one of these brands, then signing up to Disney+ is definitely worth it, and there aren't any ads, either.
Is Scream 6 on HBO Max?
Sorry, Scream 6is not available on HBO Max. There is a lot of content from HBO Max for $14.99 a month, such a subscription is ad-free and it allows you to access all the titles in the library of HBO Max. The streaming platform announced an ad-supported version that costs a lot less at the price of $9.99 per month.
Is Scream 6 on Amazon Video?
Unfortunately, Scream 6is not available to stream for free on Amazon Prime Video. However, you can choose others hows and Movies to watch from there as it has a wide variety of shows and Movies that you can choose from for $14.99 a month.
Is Scream 6 on Peacock?
Scream 6is not available to watch on Peacock at the time of writing. Peacock offers a subscription costing$4.99 a month or $49.99 per year for a premium account. As their namesake, the streaming platform is free with content out in the open, however, limited.
Is Scream 6 on Paramount Plus?
Scream 6is not on Paramount Plus. Paramount Plus has two subscription options: the basic version ad-supported Paramount+ Essential service costs$4.99 per month, and an ad-free premium plan for $9.99 per month. costs$4.99 per month, and an ad-free premium plan for $9.99 per month. ()
2023.03.25 02:53 AloneSearch6579 Are there any products or product categories that you don't understand?
This is inspired by a post from u/JeRoRo77. They asked about confusing products in people's collections, meaning products that either don't have a clear intended use or products that never work in practice. When I was thinking about my response to that question, I realized that most of the products that came to mind for me were categories of products that I didn't understand how people used/liked (not usually products that I owned myself).
Here are some examples for me:
submitted by AloneSearch6579 to MakeupRehab [link] [comments]
Here are some examples for me:
- Any liquid cheek products. They all seem too hard to work with/blend and too hard to control in how much is used.
- Any cream bronzers or contours, regardless of form, and any cream blushes and highlighters not in stick form. See above.
- Any cream/liquid products that remain tacky on the skin for a long time (especially cream highlighters). How does this not make people uncomfortable? When I wear highlighter like this, I feel like I put lip gloss on my cheeks. Granted, I do still use that particular highlighter because it's fast and I like the way it looks.
- Pencil eyeliner not in the waterline. Seems like it would drag way too much (and I prefer a wing anyway).
- Liquid lipstick. So friggin' dry!
- Nude lipsticks. Why would you want to make your lips look less flushed?
- Brown blushes, specifically for pale skin. Isn't the point of a blush to create a flush? People with light skin don't flush brown, last I checked.
- Loose powder in general, not just powder used for baking. What a mess!
- Shimmer bricks, ambient lighting powders, or similar powders that are not uniform in color
- Primers. 'Nuff said.
- Brow pomades
- Shimmery bronzers
- Satin eyeshadows
2023.03.25 02:53 AutoModerator [Get] Vinh Giang – Stage Academy
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2023.03.25 02:53 DancinLance6 Golden retriever pup training
Hello,
Our family has a 5yo Shorkie and last October we got a female golden retriever pup, she is now 7 months old and brings us so much joy! I was hoping to tackle a few areas on improvement that I would like to make for us as owners.
Pee/Poop Locations: When we got her it was not long after that the snow of the Midwest lurked and sidewalks were deep in snow, we allowed our pups to poop/pee in the backyard, now that it is spring I am trying to take her on walks to pee/poop on the sidewalk but she holds it in and will only do it on our lawn which is understandable as it is what she knows. Our shorkie when he was a pup we lived in a apartment so it was easier to train him to go outside on the sidewalk grass. Any tips on how to encourage peeing/pooping in other places and not just restricting to our small lawn (should we use verbal cue such as No to creative a negative when she goes on the lawn so she holds it for outside on our walks?
Walking: This is my first big dog breed and controlling her on a leash can be hard at times, if I power walk she will walk fast to keep up but likes to tug on leashes. Also if we stop to let others walk past she will bark or try to jump up. I have watched a few videos about holding treats close and giving as they walk well beside you though when I try this she engages for a treat then will want to walk ahead and tug then will turn around and come back for a treat.
Other dogs: Our golden and our shorkie get on well, our shorkie does not like going to dog parks and is your typing yappy dog that likes to bark at other dogs walking past the window or the mailman. Our golden has joined him when it comes to barking in our yard or barking indoors, I assume it is a territorial/safety instinct that kicks in. Another dog person told me that sometimes dogs will bark at others when coming to their home outside as they are being protective of their owners ....of course when friends visit and they come in our house they are super sweet but its the unknown of someone walking up to the door or mailman going past the like to bark a lot.
The question I have about other dogs is what is a good way of ensuring she is not scared of other dogs who bark on walks or completely ignore other dogs.
Thank you
submitted by DancinLance6 to Dogtraining [link] [comments]
Our family has a 5yo Shorkie and last October we got a female golden retriever pup, she is now 7 months old and brings us so much joy! I was hoping to tackle a few areas on improvement that I would like to make for us as owners.
Pee/Poop Locations: When we got her it was not long after that the snow of the Midwest lurked and sidewalks were deep in snow, we allowed our pups to poop/pee in the backyard, now that it is spring I am trying to take her on walks to pee/poop on the sidewalk but she holds it in and will only do it on our lawn which is understandable as it is what she knows. Our shorkie when he was a pup we lived in a apartment so it was easier to train him to go outside on the sidewalk grass. Any tips on how to encourage peeing/pooping in other places and not just restricting to our small lawn (should we use verbal cue such as No to creative a negative when she goes on the lawn so she holds it for outside on our walks?
Walking: This is my first big dog breed and controlling her on a leash can be hard at times, if I power walk she will walk fast to keep up but likes to tug on leashes. Also if we stop to let others walk past she will bark or try to jump up. I have watched a few videos about holding treats close and giving as they walk well beside you though when I try this she engages for a treat then will want to walk ahead and tug then will turn around and come back for a treat.
Other dogs: Our golden and our shorkie get on well, our shorkie does not like going to dog parks and is your typing yappy dog that likes to bark at other dogs walking past the window or the mailman. Our golden has joined him when it comes to barking in our yard or barking indoors, I assume it is a territorial/safety instinct that kicks in. Another dog person told me that sometimes dogs will bark at others when coming to their home outside as they are being protective of their owners ....of course when friends visit and they come in our house they are super sweet but its the unknown of someone walking up to the door or mailman going past the like to bark a lot.
The question I have about other dogs is what is a good way of ensuring she is not scared of other dogs who bark on walks or completely ignore other dogs.
Thank you
2023.03.25 02:53 throwRA6677889 My husband (M42) has been abusive and now that I’ve (F29) had a mental breakdown he won’t even help.
We have been married for 8 months. We didn’t live together before marriage.
The marriage hasn’t started great. He would constantly nitpick on things such as why I am on my phone and that I am lazy. All of which wasn’t true as whenever he was home, I would spend time with him. I would also spend time cleaning/cooking despite me working more hours than him at work.
I changed the way I dressed for him and start to go makeup free. This was because he had an issue with the way I dressed. I would get hit on by men and he wouldn’t like it. In hindsight, I shouldn’t have changed the way I dressed because he was the one who pursued me knowing fully well how I was. From wearing dresses, skirts, heels and makeup I start to wear baggy hoodies, trainers and no makeup. Even when it came to sex, majority of the times I would initiate it.
During our marriage he has called me a slt (even though he is the only person I’ve ever been with), btch, tramp, washed up, unappealing, bipolar, worse than all of his ex girlfriends, smelly. Some of the things he admitted he would say to cause me offence. He would constantly gaslight me. Do things right in front of me and say he didn’t. He has called me selfish and a compulsive liar. When I ask for examples he never gives any. I’ve said to him I want to know as a way so I can improve myself. But he never gives any examples. Yet I can give so many examples of when he’s lied. So it makes me think he’s making it all up as I genuinely cannot think of when I have lied to him.
He has put his hands on me. This includes pushing me, dragging me, pinning me down and pulling my hair. He has blocked my way from when I’ve tried to leave. He has done this about 4 times now. He doesn’t consider himself physically abusive because he claims he hasn’t punched or kicked me. He has thrown my phone multiple times and has also threw my clothes on the floor.
His father passed away few months ago. My husband went in a really dark place. He began to drink. (We both were non drinkers due to culture). He drank excessively. Constantly getting drunk and passing out. I would go look for him even 2am. I would sometimes find him passed out outside or in his car. This continued for about 2 months. Naturally it took its toll on me. The drinking and beginning to do weed. He was always a smoker (tobacco) but began to smoke up to 30 a day. His drinking became so bad that certain days he would drink 30-40 units in a day. He didn’t help with the funeral as he was too busy being drunk.
As a result one day he ended up breaking his bone in his arm. As he was too drunk and fell when he was outside. He had an operation. The doctor told him he cannot smoke anymore or drink. He stopped the drinking. He stopped the smoking for a while and is now back on it.
Couple of times I have cried in front of him. One time I told him I became overwhelmed and it was taking its toll on me mentally especially with all the abuse too. He was apologetic. Few weeks after we had an argument. He mimicked my crying and told me to act like a victim again. He spent 2-3 hours just really annihilating me as a person. He used my childhood issues (something that took me many years to finally talk about and I only told him) against me, he told me I loved being a victim, told me to cry again and act, he laughed and smoked in my face. I asked him not to as I don’t want smoke in my lungs. He didn’t care. He called me a sl*t and that I thrive on male attention.
I felt so overwhelmed. I decided to leave for a bit. I wanted some fresh air. This was about 2am. I was gone for about an hour. What hurt me is he never rang or checked if I was okay. I came back and he was playing computer games. I told him it’s upsetting he wouldn’t check up on me. He told me I was a grown woman and that I could handle myself. In the past whenever he has left after midnight, I’ve at least text him to ask if he is okay etc.
The constant gaslighting, abuse and name calling etc took its toll on me. I self harmed once. It’s stupid, I know. But recently I have felt so mentally drained and upset. I cry uncontrollably. We had an argument recently. He once again mocked me. He pulled my hair. I lost it. I cried so much. I felt I was losing my mind. I start to hyperventilate and found it struggle to breath. I was sitting on the floor and remember I fell to my side and start shaking uncontrollably with saliva out my mouth. It was as if my body was doing its own thing. He came and picked me up. He did hug me. I don’t know what it was. I felt I lost control. Whilst he’s hugging me I remember him saying that I was a bad actress and should stop acting.
But I wasn’t acting. In fact internally I was a bit scared that how my body could shake when I’m not wanting it to. The rest of the night is a bit of a blur but I do remember there was a part I start to scream and block my ears as I got scared. He said a lot of things to me but all I remember was him hugging me alot, asking me to breathe calmly and also calling me a bad actress for acting. The rest of stuff I don’t really know what he was saying.
The next morning, I left. I told him I didn’t want to burden him. I rang a doctor and have an appointment for next week. I am struggling with my mental health. Even now, I have moments where I cry so much, wish death on myself and my muscle have now began to twitch. I moved out 5 days ago. I got so emotional yesterday and felt I was losing my mind. I wanted help. Stupidly I rang my husband once and text him asking for help. He ignored me. For some reason I thought he would help me based on the amount of times I’ve been there for him. I was wrong.
I don’t know what’s wrong with me and how I can get emotions back to control. How do people recover from an abusive relationship?
Tldr: husband has been emotionally and physically abusive. I had a mental breakdown and find myself losing my mind. I wanted his help, he has ignored me. I have got a doctor appointment to get help. How does one recover from this?
submitted by throwRA6677889 to relationships [link] [comments]
The marriage hasn’t started great. He would constantly nitpick on things such as why I am on my phone and that I am lazy. All of which wasn’t true as whenever he was home, I would spend time with him. I would also spend time cleaning/cooking despite me working more hours than him at work.
I changed the way I dressed for him and start to go makeup free. This was because he had an issue with the way I dressed. I would get hit on by men and he wouldn’t like it. In hindsight, I shouldn’t have changed the way I dressed because he was the one who pursued me knowing fully well how I was. From wearing dresses, skirts, heels and makeup I start to wear baggy hoodies, trainers and no makeup. Even when it came to sex, majority of the times I would initiate it.
During our marriage he has called me a slt (even though he is the only person I’ve ever been with), btch, tramp, washed up, unappealing, bipolar, worse than all of his ex girlfriends, smelly. Some of the things he admitted he would say to cause me offence. He would constantly gaslight me. Do things right in front of me and say he didn’t. He has called me selfish and a compulsive liar. When I ask for examples he never gives any. I’ve said to him I want to know as a way so I can improve myself. But he never gives any examples. Yet I can give so many examples of when he’s lied. So it makes me think he’s making it all up as I genuinely cannot think of when I have lied to him.
He has put his hands on me. This includes pushing me, dragging me, pinning me down and pulling my hair. He has blocked my way from when I’ve tried to leave. He has done this about 4 times now. He doesn’t consider himself physically abusive because he claims he hasn’t punched or kicked me. He has thrown my phone multiple times and has also threw my clothes on the floor.
His father passed away few months ago. My husband went in a really dark place. He began to drink. (We both were non drinkers due to culture). He drank excessively. Constantly getting drunk and passing out. I would go look for him even 2am. I would sometimes find him passed out outside or in his car. This continued for about 2 months. Naturally it took its toll on me. The drinking and beginning to do weed. He was always a smoker (tobacco) but began to smoke up to 30 a day. His drinking became so bad that certain days he would drink 30-40 units in a day. He didn’t help with the funeral as he was too busy being drunk.
As a result one day he ended up breaking his bone in his arm. As he was too drunk and fell when he was outside. He had an operation. The doctor told him he cannot smoke anymore or drink. He stopped the drinking. He stopped the smoking for a while and is now back on it.
Couple of times I have cried in front of him. One time I told him I became overwhelmed and it was taking its toll on me mentally especially with all the abuse too. He was apologetic. Few weeks after we had an argument. He mimicked my crying and told me to act like a victim again. He spent 2-3 hours just really annihilating me as a person. He used my childhood issues (something that took me many years to finally talk about and I only told him) against me, he told me I loved being a victim, told me to cry again and act, he laughed and smoked in my face. I asked him not to as I don’t want smoke in my lungs. He didn’t care. He called me a sl*t and that I thrive on male attention.
I felt so overwhelmed. I decided to leave for a bit. I wanted some fresh air. This was about 2am. I was gone for about an hour. What hurt me is he never rang or checked if I was okay. I came back and he was playing computer games. I told him it’s upsetting he wouldn’t check up on me. He told me I was a grown woman and that I could handle myself. In the past whenever he has left after midnight, I’ve at least text him to ask if he is okay etc.
The constant gaslighting, abuse and name calling etc took its toll on me. I self harmed once. It’s stupid, I know. But recently I have felt so mentally drained and upset. I cry uncontrollably. We had an argument recently. He once again mocked me. He pulled my hair. I lost it. I cried so much. I felt I was losing my mind. I start to hyperventilate and found it struggle to breath. I was sitting on the floor and remember I fell to my side and start shaking uncontrollably with saliva out my mouth. It was as if my body was doing its own thing. He came and picked me up. He did hug me. I don’t know what it was. I felt I lost control. Whilst he’s hugging me I remember him saying that I was a bad actress and should stop acting.
But I wasn’t acting. In fact internally I was a bit scared that how my body could shake when I’m not wanting it to. The rest of the night is a bit of a blur but I do remember there was a part I start to scream and block my ears as I got scared. He said a lot of things to me but all I remember was him hugging me alot, asking me to breathe calmly and also calling me a bad actress for acting. The rest of stuff I don’t really know what he was saying.
The next morning, I left. I told him I didn’t want to burden him. I rang a doctor and have an appointment for next week. I am struggling with my mental health. Even now, I have moments where I cry so much, wish death on myself and my muscle have now began to twitch. I moved out 5 days ago. I got so emotional yesterday and felt I was losing my mind. I wanted help. Stupidly I rang my husband once and text him asking for help. He ignored me. For some reason I thought he would help me based on the amount of times I’ve been there for him. I was wrong.
I don’t know what’s wrong with me and how I can get emotions back to control. How do people recover from an abusive relationship?
Tldr: husband has been emotionally and physically abusive. I had a mental breakdown and find myself losing my mind. I wanted his help, he has ignored me. I have got a doctor appointment to get help. How does one recover from this?
2023.03.25 02:52 Censorship_sucks21 Organizing & maintaining digital photos & vids as a parent... Where do I start?!
Hi! Mom of 2 here (almost 6 & almost 2) & this question is for other parents who fill their phones w pics of their kids but have found a way to organize & maintain them.
I DESPERATELY need to overhaul my photo (video) system & have no idea where to start.
I'm an Android user w Google photos to back up 15 years worth of pictures & videos. I pay annually for storage & after my youngest was born in 2021 I had to increase from the $30/yr plan to the 2TB $100/yr plan. My issue tho isn't w storage or the cost. Its w how to efficiently utilize the space & effectively maintain it. Its w taking advantage of the ability to print & frame photos that turn out really good, instead of forgetting all about them bc they get lost in the mess.
I have no idea how many photos or videos I have. I'm using 200GB of 2TB & a good amount of that could be deleted. But how do I declutter it? I take pics & vids of my kids daily, multiple times daily, & they don't always turn out, & aren't worth keeping. But its not something I think about deleting in the moment so everyday the hoard just gets bigger & bigger.
I want to go through it all- to delete duplicates, blurry, out of focus, bad lighting pics, ones my 5yo took? Where do I start? Then there's the videos. How do I go through 5 years of videos- sonogram appts, delivery & births, all the newborn firsts, & separate them from the random daily videos that didn't turn out right? Try to get vid of the baby babbling but her sibling runs thru mid recording completely naked... Or the back to back videos trying to get something specific on camera but they don't cooperate. These videos become useless but since I didn't delete them in the moment I now have years worth. How do I go thru them? Decide what to keep & what to delete? Is it going to take the hours on end I imagine it will? How do I organize them once they're decluttered?
And then let's say I'm able to get them cleared out, organized in some fashion? How does one go about maintaining such a system? How do I ensure I won't just be in the same boat 5 years from now? At this point I feel I'm going to need to spend like a full weekend locked in a room alone w lines of 🎱 (jk) or some other speedy 💊 while me kids are asleep so I can focus & even then I know I'll just get distracted watching all the old videos that I'll still never get anything done.
Any help & suggestions are much appreciated.
submitted by Censorship_sucks21 to Parenting [link] [comments]
I DESPERATELY need to overhaul my photo (video) system & have no idea where to start.
I'm an Android user w Google photos to back up 15 years worth of pictures & videos. I pay annually for storage & after my youngest was born in 2021 I had to increase from the $30/yr plan to the 2TB $100/yr plan. My issue tho isn't w storage or the cost. Its w how to efficiently utilize the space & effectively maintain it. Its w taking advantage of the ability to print & frame photos that turn out really good, instead of forgetting all about them bc they get lost in the mess.
I have no idea how many photos or videos I have. I'm using 200GB of 2TB & a good amount of that could be deleted. But how do I declutter it? I take pics & vids of my kids daily, multiple times daily, & they don't always turn out, & aren't worth keeping. But its not something I think about deleting in the moment so everyday the hoard just gets bigger & bigger.
I want to go through it all- to delete duplicates, blurry, out of focus, bad lighting pics, ones my 5yo took? Where do I start? Then there's the videos. How do I go through 5 years of videos- sonogram appts, delivery & births, all the newborn firsts, & separate them from the random daily videos that didn't turn out right? Try to get vid of the baby babbling but her sibling runs thru mid recording completely naked... Or the back to back videos trying to get something specific on camera but they don't cooperate. These videos become useless but since I didn't delete them in the moment I now have years worth. How do I go thru them? Decide what to keep & what to delete? Is it going to take the hours on end I imagine it will? How do I organize them once they're decluttered?
And then let's say I'm able to get them cleared out, organized in some fashion? How does one go about maintaining such a system? How do I ensure I won't just be in the same boat 5 years from now? At this point I feel I'm going to need to spend like a full weekend locked in a room alone w lines of 🎱 (jk) or some other speedy 💊 while me kids are asleep so I can focus & even then I know I'll just get distracted watching all the old videos that I'll still never get anything done.
Any help & suggestions are much appreciated.
2023.03.25 02:52 FitInvestigator5945 SATIRE RESEARCH NAIJAH CLOVER FROM THE GET GO
4:04AM EST
SSTURDAY APRIL 25TH, 2020
Horatian: Horatian satire is tolerant, funny, sophisticated witty, wise, self-effacing and aims to correct through humor...
Juvenalian: Juvenalian satire is angry, caustic, personal, relentless, bitter, and serious...
SATIRICAL DEVICE
Genre of arts and literature in the form of humor or ridicule
In fiction and less frequently in non-fiction, satire is a genre of literature and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses and shor... en.wikipedia.org
Satire is a technique in art and literature that pokes fun at established artistic or cultural norms. Satirists practice their craft for the sake of social criticism, comedy, or, often, both. The different satire genres include spoof, parody, and classic literary satire techniques.
Definition of satire
1: a literary work holding up human vices and follies to ridicule or scorn
2: trenchant wit, irony, or sarcasm used to expose and discredit vice or folly
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/satire
The Culinary Roots of Satire
Satire came into English at the beginning of the 16th century, and the meaning of the word has not strayed very far from its original sense. The initial uses were primarily applied to poems, and the term now has a broader applicability. Satire has a semantic and etymological overlap with both farce and lampoon. Farce ("a light dramatic composition marked by broadly satirical comedy and improbable plot") came into English as a synonym for forcemeat, meaning "finely chopped and highly seasoned meat or fish that is either served alone or used as a stuffing." Lampoon ("a harsh satire usually directed against an individual") is thought to come from the French lampons!, meaning "let us guzzle!" And satire is believed to trace back to the Latin satur, meaning "well-fed."
Examples of satire in a Sentence
By contrast, Martial's friend, Juvenal, learned to transmute Martial's epigrammatic wit into savage satire. Juvenal's fierce, if occasionally obscene, tirades against immorality fit easily into the propaganda of the new era.
— G. W. Bowersock, New York Review of Books, 26 Feb. 2009
Unlike late-night talk shows that traffic in Hollywood interviews and stupid pet tricks, "The Daily Show" is a fearless social satire. Not many comedy shows would dare do five minutes on the intricacies of medicare or a relentlessly cheeky piece on President George W. Bush's Thanksgiving trip to Iraq …
— Marc Peyser, Newsweek, 29 Dec. 2003 - 5 Jan. 2004
In fiction and less frequently in non-fiction, satire is a genre of literature and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.[1] Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often constructive social criticism, using wit to draw attention to both particular and wider issues in society.
A feature of satire is strong irony or sarcasm —"in satire, irony is militant", according to literary critic Northrup Frye—[2] but parody, burlesque, exaggeration,[3] juxtaposition, comparison, analogy, and double entendre are all frequently used in satirical speech and writing. This "militant" irony or sarcasm often professes to approve of (or at least accept as natural) the very things the satirist wishes to question.
Satire is nowadays found in many artistic forms of expression, including internet memes, literature, plays, commentary, television shows, and media such as lyrics.
Etymology and roots
The word satire comes from the Latin word satur and the subsequent phrase lanx satura. Satur meant "full" but the juxtaposition with lanx shifted the meaning to "miscellany or medley": the expression lanx satura literally means "a full dish of various kinds of fruits".[4]
The word satura as used by Quintilian, however, was used to denote only Roman verse satire, a strict genre that imposed hexameter form, a narrower genre than what would be later intended as satire.[4][5] Quintilian famously said that satura, that is a satire in hexameter verses, was a literary genre of wholly Roman origin (satura tota nostra est). He was aware of and commented on Greek satire, but at the time did not label it as such, although today the origin of satire is considered to be Aristophanes' Old Comedy. The first critic to use the term "satire" in the modern broader sense was Apuleius.[4]
To Quintilian, the satire was a strict literary form, but the term soon escaped from the original narrow definition. Robert Elliott writes:
As soon as a noun enters the domain of metaphor, as one modern scholar has pointed out, it clamours for extension; and satura (which had had no verbal, adverbial, or adjectival forms) was immediately broadened by appropriation from the Greek word for “satyr” (satyros) and its derivatives. The odd result is that the English “satire” comes from the Latin satura; but "satirize", "satiric", etc., are of Greek origin. By about the 4th century AD the writer of satires came to be known as satyricus; St. Jerome, for example, was called by one of his enemies 'a satirist in prose' ('satyricus scriptor in prosa'). Subsequent orthographic modifications obscured the Latin origin of the word satire: satura becomes satyra, and in England, by the 16th century, it was written 'satyre.'[1]
The word satire derives from satura, and its origin was not influenced by the Greek mythological figure of the satyr.[6] In the 17th century, philologist Isaac Casaubon was the first to dispute the etymology of satire from satyr, contrary to the belief up to that time.[7]
Humour
“ The rules of satire are such that it must do more than make you laugh. No matter how amusing it is, it doesn't count unless you find yourself wincing a little even as you chuckle.[8] ”
Laughter is not an essential component of satire;[9] in fact there are types of satire that are not meant to be "funny" at all. Conversely, not all humour, even on such topics as politics, religion or art is necessarily "satirical", even when it uses the satirical tools of irony, parody, and burlesque.
Even light-hearted satire has a serious "after-taste": the organizers of the Ig Nobel Prize describe this as "first make people laugh, and then make them think".[10]
Social and psychological functions
Satire and irony in some cases have been regarded as the most effective source to understand a society, the oldest form of social study.[11] They provide the keenest insights into a group's collective psyche, reveal its deepest values and tastes, and the society's structures of power.[12][13] Some authors have regarded satire as superior to non-comic and non-artistic disciplines like history or anthropology.[11][14][15][16] In a prominent example from ancient Greece, philosopher Plato, when asked by a friend for a book to understand Athenian society, referred him to the plays of Aristophanes.[17][18]
Historically, satire has satisfied the popular need to debunk and ridicule the leading figures in politics, economy, religion and other prominent realms of power.[19] Satire confronts public discourse and the collective imaginary, playing as a public opinion counterweight to power (be it political, economic, religious, symbolic, or otherwise), by challenging leaders and authorities. For instance, it forces administrations to clarify, amend or establish their policies. Satire's job is to expose problems and contradictions, and it's not obligated to solve them.[20] Karl Kraus set in the history of satire a prominent example of a satirist role as confronting public discourse.[21]
For its nature and social role, satire has enjoyed in many societies a special freedom license to mock prominent individuals and institutions.[22] The satiric impulse, and its ritualized expressions, carry out the function of resolving social tension.[23] Institutions like the ritual clowns, by giving expression to the antisocial tendencies, represent a safety valve which re-establishes equilibrium and health in the collective imaginary, which are jeopardized by the repressive aspects of society.[24][25]
The state of political satire in a given society reflects the tolerance or intolerance that characterizes it,[19] and the state of civil liberties and human rights. Under totalitarian regimes any criticism of a political system, and especially satire, is suppressed. A typical example is the Soviet Union where the dissidents, such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Andrei Sakharov were under strong pressure from the government. While satire of everyday life in the USSR was allowed, the most prominent satirist being Arkady Raikin, political satire existed in the form of anecdotes[26] that made fun of Soviet political leaders, especially Brezhnev, famous for his narrow-mindedness and love for awards and decorations.
Classifications
Satire is a diverse genre which is complex to classify and define, with a wide range of satiric "modes".[27][28]
Horatian, Juvenalian, Menippean
"Le satire e l'epistole di Q. Orazio Flacco", printed in 1814.
Satirical literature can commonly be categorized as either Horatian, Juvenalian, or Menippean.[29]
Horatian
Horatian satire, named for the Roman satirist Horace (65–8 BCE), playfully criticizes some social vice through gentle, mild, and light-hearted humour. Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) wrote Satires to gently ridicule the dominant opinions and "philosophical beliefs of ancient Rome and Greece" (Rankin).[30] Rather than writing in harsh or accusing tones, he addressed issues with humor and clever mockery. Horatian satire follows this same pattern of "gently [ridiculing] the absurdities and follies of human beings" (Drury).[31]
It directs wit, exaggeration, and self-deprecating humour toward what it identifies as folly, rather than evil. Horatian satire's sympathetic tone is common in modern society.[32]
A Horatian satirist's goal is to heal the situation with smiles, rather than by anger. Horatian satire is a gentle reminder to take life less seriously and evokes a wry smile.[31] A Horatian satirist makes fun of general human folly rather than engaging in specific or personal attacks. Shamekia Thomas suggests, "In a work using Horatian satire, readers often laugh at the characters in the story who are the subject of mockery as well as themselves and society for behaving in those ways." Alexander Pope has been established as an author whose satire "heals with morals what it hurts with wit" (Green).[33] Alexander Pope—and Horatian satire—attempt to teach.
Examples of Horatian satire:
The Ig Nobel Prizes.
Bierce, Ambrose, The Devil's Dictionary.
Defoe, Daniel, The True-Born Englishman.
The Savoy Operas of Gilbert and Sullivan.
Trollope, Anthony, The Way We Live Now.
Gogol, Nikolai, Dead Souls.
Groening, Matthew "Matt", The Simpsons.
Lewis, Clive Staples, The Screwtape Letters.
Mercer, Richard ‘Rick’, The Rick Mercer Report.
More, Thomas, Utopia
Pope, Alexander, The Rape of the Lock.
Reiner, Rob, This Is Spinal Tap.
Twain, Mark, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Ralston Saul, John, The Doubter's Companion: A Dictionary of Aggressive Common Sense.
Juvenalian
See also: Satires of Juvenal
Juvenalian satire, named for the writings of the Roman satirist Juvenal (late first century – early second century AD), is more contemptuous and abrasive than the Horatian. Juvenal disagreed with the opinions of the public figures and institutions of the Republic and actively attacked them through his literature. "He utilized the satirical tools of exaggeration and parody to make his targets appear monstrous and incompetent" (Podzemny).[34] Juvenal's satire follows this same pattern of abrasively ridiculing societal structures. Juvenal also, unlike Horace, attacked public officials and governmental organizations through his satires, regarding their opinions as not just wrong, but evil.
Following in this tradition, Juvenalian satire addresses perceived social evil through scorn, outrage, and savage ridicule. This form is often pessimistic, characterized by the use of irony, sarcasm, moral indignation and personal invective, with less emphasis on humor. Strongly polarized political satire can often be classified as Juvenalian.
A Juvenal satirist's goal is generally to provoke some sort of political or societal change because he sees his opponent or object as evil or harmful.[35] A Juvenal satirist mocks "societal structure, power, and civilization" (Thomas)[36] by exaggerating the words or position of his opponent in order to jeopardize their opponent's reputation and/or power. Jonathan Swift has been established as an author who "borrowed heavily from Juvenal's techniques in [his critique] of contemporary English society" (Podzemny).[34]
Examples of Juvenalian satire:
Barnes, Julian, England, England.
Beatty, Paul, The Sellout.
Bradbury, Ray, Fahrenheit 451.
Brooker, Charlie, Black Mirror.
Bulgakov, Mikhail, Heart of a Dog.
Burgess, Anthony, A Clockwork Orange.
Burroughs, William, Naked Lunch.
Byron, George Gordon, Lord, Don Juan.
Barth, John, The Sot-Weed Factor; or, A Voyage to Maryland,—a satire, in which is described the laws, government, courts, and constitutions of the country, and also the buildings, feasts, frolics, entertainments, and drunken humors of the inhabitants in that part of America.
Ellis, Bret Easton, American Psycho.
Golding, William, Lord of the Flies.
Hall, Joseph, Virgidemiarum.
Heller, Joseph, Catch-22.
Huxley, Aldous, Brave New World.
Johnson, Samuel, London, an adaptation of Juvenal, Third Satire.
Junius, Letters.
Kubrick, Stanley, Dr. Strangelove.
Mencken, HL, Libido for the Ugly.
Morris, Chris, Brass Eye.
———, The Day Today.
Orwell, George, Nineteen Eighty-Four.
Orwell, George, Animal Farm.
Palahniuk, Chuck, Fight Club.
Swift, Jonathan, A Modest Proposal.
Voltaire, Candide.
Zamyatin, Yevgeny, We.
Menippean
See Menippean satire.
Satire versus teasing
In the history of theatre there has always been a conflict between engagement and disengagement on politics and relevant issue, between satire and grotesque on one side, and jest with teasing on the other.[37] Max Eastman defined the spectrum of satire in terms of "degrees of biting", as ranging from satire proper at the hot-end, and "kidding" at the violet-end; Eastman adopted the term kidding to denote what is just satirical in form, but is not really firing at the target.[38] Nobel laureate satirical playwright Dario Fo pointed out the difference between satire and teasing (sfottò).[39] Teasing is the reactionary side of the comic; it limits itself to a shallow parody of physical appearance. The side-effect of teasing is that it humanizes and draws sympathy for the powerful individual towards which it is directed. Satire instead uses the comic to go against power and its oppressions, has a subversive character, and a moral dimension which draws judgement against its targets.[40][41][42][43] Fo formulated an operational criterion to tell real satire from sfottò, saying that real satire arouses an outraged and violent reaction, and that the more they try to stop you, the better is the job you are doing.[44] Fo contends that, historically, people in positions of power have welcomed and encouraged good-humoured buffoonery, while modern day people in positions of power have tried to censor, ostracize and repress satire.[37][40]
Teasing (sfottò) is an ancient form of simple buffoonery, a form of comedy without satire's subversive edge. Teasing includes light and affectionate parody, good-humoured mockery, simple one-dimensional poking fun, and benign spoofs. Teasing typically consists of an impersonation of someone monkeying around with his exterior attributes, tics, physical blemishes, voice and mannerisms, quirks, way of dressing and walking, and/or the phrases he typically repeats. By contrast, teasing never touches on the core issue, never makes a serious criticism judging the target with irony; it never harms the target's conduct, ideology and position of power; it never undermines the perception of his morality and cultural dimension.[40][42] Sfottò directed towards a powerful individual makes him appear more human and draws sympathy towards him.[45] Hermann Göring propagated jests and jokes against himself, with the aim of humanizing his image.[46][47]
Classifications by topics
Types of satire can also be classified according to the topics it deals with. From the earliest times, at least since the plays of Aristophanes, the primary topics of literary satire have been politics, religion and sex.[48][49][50][51] This is partly because these are the most pressing problems that affect anybody living in a society, and partly because these topics are usually taboo.[48][52] Among these, politics in the broader sense is considered the pre-eminent topic of satire.[52] Satire which targets the clergy is a type of political satire, while religious satire is that which targets religious beliefs.[53] Satire on sex may overlap with blue comedy, off-color humor and dick jokes.
Scatology has a long literary association with satire,[48][54][55] as it is a classical mode of the grotesque, the grotesque body and the satiric grotesque.[48][56] Shit plays a fundamental role in satire because it symbolizes death, the turd being "the ultimate dead object".[54][55] The satirical comparison of individuals or institutions with human excrement, exposes their "inherent inertness, corruption and dead-likeness".[54][57][58] The ritual clowns of clown societies, like among the Pueblo Indians, have ceremonies with filth-eating.[59][60] In other cultures, sin-eating is an apotropaic rite in which the sin-eater (also called filth-eater),[61][62] by ingesting the food provided, takes "upon himself the sins of the departed".[63] Satire about death overlaps with black humor and gallows humor.
Another classification by topics is the distinction between political satire, religious satire and satire of manners.[64] Political satire is sometimes called topical satire, satire of manners is sometimes called satire of everyday life, and religious satire is sometimes called philosophical satire. Comedy of manners, sometimes also called satire of manners, criticizes mode of life of common people; political satire aims at behavior, manners of politicians, and vices of political systems. Historically, comedy of manners, which first appeared in British theater in 1620, has uncritically accepted the social code of the upper classes.[65] Comedy in general accepts the rules of the social game, while satire subverts them.[66]
Another analysis of satire is the spectrum of his possible tones: wit, ridicule, irony, sarcasm, cynicism, the sardonic and invective.[67][68]
The type of humour that deals with creating laughter at the expense of the person telling the joke is called reflexive humour[69].Reflexive humour can take place at dual levels of directing humour at self or at the larger community the self identifies with. The audience's understanding of the context of reflexive humour is important for its receptivity and success [69]. Satire is found not only in written literary forms. In preliterate cultures it manifests itself in ritual and folk forms, as well as in trickster tales and oral poetry.[23]
It appears also in graphic arts, music, sculpture, dance, cartoon strips, and graffiti. Examples are Dada sculptures, Pop Art works, music of Gilbert and Sullivan and Erik Satie, punk and rock music.[23] In modern media culture, stand-up comedy is an enclave in which satire can be introduced into mass media, challenging mainstream discourse.[23] Comedy roasts, mock festivals, and stand-up comedians in nightclubs and concerts are the modern forms of ancient satiric rituals.[23]
Development
Ancient Egypt
The satirical papyrus at the British Museum
Satirical ostracon showing a cat guarding geese, c.1120 BC, Egypt.
Figured ostracon showing a cat waiting on a mouse, Egypt
One of the earliest examples of what we might call satire, The Satire of the Trades,[70] is in Egyptian writing from the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. The text's apparent readers are students, tired of studying. It argues that their lot as scribes is not only useful, but far superior to that of the ordinary man. Scholars such as Helck[71] think that the context was meant to be serious.
The Papyrus Anastasi I[72] (late 2nd millennium BC) contains a satirical letter which first praises the virtues of its recipient, but then mocks the reader's meagre knowledge and achievements.
Ancient Greece
The Greeks had no word for what later would be called "satire", although the terms cynicism and parody were used. Modern critics call the Greek playwright Aristophanes one of the best known early satirists: his plays are known for their critical political and societal commentary,[73] particularly for the political satire by which he criticized the powerful Cleon (as in The Knights). He is also notable for the persecution he underwent.[73][74][75][76] Aristophanes' plays turned upon images of filth and disease.[77] His bawdy style was adopted by Greek dramatist-comedian Menander. His early play Drunkenness contains an attack on the politician Callimedon.
The oldest form of satire still in use is the Menippean satire by Menippus of Gadara. His own writings are lost. Examples from his admirers and imitators mix seriousness and mockery in dialogues and present parodies before a background of diatribe. As in the case of Aristophanes plays, menippean satire turned upon images of filth and disease.[77]
Roman world
The first Roman to discuss satire critically was Quintilian, who invented the term to describe the writings of Gaius Lucilius. The two most prominent and influential ancient Roman satirists are Horace and Juvenal, who wrote during the early days of the Roman Empire. Other important satirists in ancient Latin are Gaius Lucilius and Persius. Satire in their work is much wider than in the modern sense of the word, including fantastic and highly coloured humorous writing with little or no real mocking intent. When Horace criticized Augustus, he used veiled ironic terms. In contrast, Pliny reports that the 6th-century-BC poet Hipponax wrote satirae that were so cruel that the offended hanged themselves.[78]
In the 2nd century AD, Lucian wrote True History, a book satirizing the clearly unrealistic travelogues/adventures written by Ctesias, Iambulus, and Homer. He states that he was surprised they expected people to believe their lies, and stating that he, like them, has no actual knowledge or experience, but shall now tell lies as if he did. He goes on to describe a far more obviously extreme and unrealistic tale, involving interplanetary exploration, war among alien life forms, and life inside a 200 mile long whale back in the terrestrial ocean, all intended to make obvious the fallacies of books like Indica and The Odyssey.
Medieval Islamic world
Main articles: Arabic satire and Persian satire
Medieval Arabic poetry included the satiric genre hija. Satire was introduced into Arabic prose literature by the author Al-Jahiz in the 9th century. While dealing with serious topics in what are now known as anthropology, sociology and psychology, he introduced a satirical approach, "based on the premise that, however serious the subject under review, it could be made more interesting and thus achieve greater effect, if only one leavened the lump of solemnity by the insertion of a few amusing anecdotes or by the throwing out of some witty or paradoxical observations. He was well aware that, in treating of new themes in his prose works, he would have to employ a vocabulary of a nature more familiar in hija, satirical poetry."[79] For example, in one of his zoological works, he satirized the preference for longer human penis size, writing: "If the length of the penis were a sign of honor, then the mule would belong to the (honorable tribe of) Quraysh". Another satirical story based on this preference was an Arabian Nights tale called "Ali with the Large Member".[80]
In the 10th century, the writer Tha'alibi recorded satirical poetry written by the Arabic poets As-Salami and Abu Dulaf, with As-Salami praising Abu Dulaf's wide breadth of knowledge and then mocking his ability in all these subjects, and with Abu Dulaf responding back and satirizing As-Salami in return.[81] An example of Arabic political satire included another 10th-century poet Jarir satirizing Farazdaq as "a transgressor of the Sharia" and later Arabic poets in turn using the term "Farazdaq-like" as a form of political satire.[82]
The terms "comedy" and "satire" became synonymous after Aristotle's Poetics was translated into Arabic in the medieval Islamic world, where it was elaborated upon by Islamic philosophers and writers, such as Abu Bischr, his pupil Al-Farabi, Avicenna, and Averroes. Due to cultural differences, they disassociated comedy from Greek dramatic representation and instead identified it with Arabic poetic themes and forms, such as hija (satirical poetry). They viewed comedy as simply the "art of reprehension", and made no reference to light and cheerful events, or troubled beginnings and happy endings, associated with classical Greek comedy. After the Latin translations of the 12th century, the term "comedy" thus gained a new semantic meaning in Medieval literature.[83]
Ubayd Zakani introduced satire in Persian literature during the 14th century. His work is noted for its satire and obscene verses, often political or bawdy, and often cited in debates involving homosexual practices. He wrote the Resaleh-ye Delgosha, as well as Akhlaq al-Ashraf ("Ethics of the Aristocracy") and the famous humorous fable Masnavi Mush-O-Gorbeh (Mouse and Cat), which was a political satire. His non-satirical serious classical verses have also been regarded as very well written, in league with the other great works of Persian literature. Between 1905 and 1911, Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi and other Iranian writers wrote notable satires.
Medieval Europe
In the Early Middle Ages, examples of satire were the songs by Goliards or vagants now best known as an anthology called Carmina Burana and made famous as texts of a composition by the 20th-century composer Carl Orff. Satirical poetry is believed to have been popular, although little has survived. With the advent of the High Middle Ages and the birth of modern vernacular literature in the 12th century, it began to be used again, most notably by Chaucer. The disrespectful manner was considered "unchristian" and ignored, except for the moral satire, which mocked misbehaviour in Christian terms. Examples are Livre des Manières by Étienne de Fougères [fr] (~1178), and some of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. Sometimes epic poetry (epos) was mocked, and even feudal society, but there was hardly a general interest in the genre.
Early modern western satire
Pieter Bruegel's 1568 satirical painting The Blind Leading the Blind.
Direct social commentary via satire returned with a vengeance in the 16th century, when farcical texts such as the works of François Rabelais tackled more serious issues (and incurred the wrath of the crown as a result).
Two major satirists of Europe in the Renaissance were Giovanni Boccaccio and François Rabelais. Other examples of Renaissance satire include Till Eulenspiegel, Reynard the Fox, Sebastian Brant's Narrenschiff (1494), Erasmus's Moriae Encomium (1509), Thomas More's Utopia (1516), and Carajicomedia (1519).
The Elizabethan (i.e. 16th-century English) writers thought of satire as related to the notoriously rude, coarse and sharp satyr play. Elizabethan "satire" (typically in pamphlet form) therefore contains more straightforward abuse than subtle irony. The French Huguenot Isaac Casaubon pointed out in 1605 that satire in the Roman fashion was something altogether more civilised. Casaubon discovered and published Quintilian's writing and presented the original meaning of the term (satira, not satyr), and the sense of wittiness (reflecting the "dishfull of fruits") became more important again. Seventeenth-century English satire once again aimed at the "amendment of vices" (Dryden).
In the 1590s a new wave of verse satire broke with the publication of Hall's Virgidemiarum, six books of verse satires targeting everything from literary fads to corrupt noblemen. Although Donne had already circulated satires in manuscript, Hall's was the first real attempt in English at verse satire on the Juvenalian model.[84][page needed] The success of his work combined with a national mood of disillusion in the last years of Elizabeth's reign triggered an avalanche of satire—much of it less conscious of classical models than Hall's — until the fashion was brought to an
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Horatian: Horatian satire is tolerant, funny, sophisticated witty, wise, self-effacing and aims to correct through humor...
Juvenalian: Juvenalian satire is angry, caustic, personal, relentless, bitter, and serious...
SATIRICAL DEVICE
- Humor:Exaggeration or overstatement: Something that does happen, but is exaggerated to absurd lengths...
Genre of arts and literature in the form of humor or ridicule
In fiction and less frequently in non-fiction, satire is a genre of literature and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses and shor... en.wikipedia.org
Satire is a technique in art and literature that pokes fun at established artistic or cultural norms. Satirists practice their craft for the sake of social criticism, comedy, or, often, both. The different satire genres include spoof, parody, and classic literary satire techniques.
Definition of satire
1: a literary work holding up human vices and follies to ridicule or scorn
2: trenchant wit, irony, or sarcasm used to expose and discredit vice or folly
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/satire
The Culinary Roots of Satire
Satire came into English at the beginning of the 16th century, and the meaning of the word has not strayed very far from its original sense. The initial uses were primarily applied to poems, and the term now has a broader applicability. Satire has a semantic and etymological overlap with both farce and lampoon. Farce ("a light dramatic composition marked by broadly satirical comedy and improbable plot") came into English as a synonym for forcemeat, meaning "finely chopped and highly seasoned meat or fish that is either served alone or used as a stuffing." Lampoon ("a harsh satire usually directed against an individual") is thought to come from the French lampons!, meaning "let us guzzle!" And satire is believed to trace back to the Latin satur, meaning "well-fed."
Examples of satire in a Sentence
By contrast, Martial's friend, Juvenal, learned to transmute Martial's epigrammatic wit into savage satire. Juvenal's fierce, if occasionally obscene, tirades against immorality fit easily into the propaganda of the new era.
— G. W. Bowersock, New York Review of Books, 26 Feb. 2009
Unlike late-night talk shows that traffic in Hollywood interviews and stupid pet tricks, "The Daily Show" is a fearless social satire. Not many comedy shows would dare do five minutes on the intricacies of medicare or a relentlessly cheeky piece on President George W. Bush's Thanksgiving trip to Iraq …
— Marc Peyser, Newsweek, 29 Dec. 2003 - 5 Jan. 2004
In fiction and less frequently in non-fiction, satire is a genre of literature and performing arts, in which vices, follies, abuses and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.[1] Although satire is usually meant to be humorous, its greater purpose is often constructive social criticism, using wit to draw attention to both particular and wider issues in society.
A feature of satire is strong irony or sarcasm —"in satire, irony is militant", according to literary critic Northrup Frye—[2] but parody, burlesque, exaggeration,[3] juxtaposition, comparison, analogy, and double entendre are all frequently used in satirical speech and writing. This "militant" irony or sarcasm often professes to approve of (or at least accept as natural) the very things the satirist wishes to question.
Satire is nowadays found in many artistic forms of expression, including internet memes, literature, plays, commentary, television shows, and media such as lyrics.
Etymology and roots
The word satire comes from the Latin word satur and the subsequent phrase lanx satura. Satur meant "full" but the juxtaposition with lanx shifted the meaning to "miscellany or medley": the expression lanx satura literally means "a full dish of various kinds of fruits".[4]
The word satura as used by Quintilian, however, was used to denote only Roman verse satire, a strict genre that imposed hexameter form, a narrower genre than what would be later intended as satire.[4][5] Quintilian famously said that satura, that is a satire in hexameter verses, was a literary genre of wholly Roman origin (satura tota nostra est). He was aware of and commented on Greek satire, but at the time did not label it as such, although today the origin of satire is considered to be Aristophanes' Old Comedy. The first critic to use the term "satire" in the modern broader sense was Apuleius.[4]
To Quintilian, the satire was a strict literary form, but the term soon escaped from the original narrow definition. Robert Elliott writes:
As soon as a noun enters the domain of metaphor, as one modern scholar has pointed out, it clamours for extension; and satura (which had had no verbal, adverbial, or adjectival forms) was immediately broadened by appropriation from the Greek word for “satyr” (satyros) and its derivatives. The odd result is that the English “satire” comes from the Latin satura; but "satirize", "satiric", etc., are of Greek origin. By about the 4th century AD the writer of satires came to be known as satyricus; St. Jerome, for example, was called by one of his enemies 'a satirist in prose' ('satyricus scriptor in prosa'). Subsequent orthographic modifications obscured the Latin origin of the word satire: satura becomes satyra, and in England, by the 16th century, it was written 'satyre.'[1]
The word satire derives from satura, and its origin was not influenced by the Greek mythological figure of the satyr.[6] In the 17th century, philologist Isaac Casaubon was the first to dispute the etymology of satire from satyr, contrary to the belief up to that time.[7]
Humour
“ The rules of satire are such that it must do more than make you laugh. No matter how amusing it is, it doesn't count unless you find yourself wincing a little even as you chuckle.[8] ”
Laughter is not an essential component of satire;[9] in fact there are types of satire that are not meant to be "funny" at all. Conversely, not all humour, even on such topics as politics, religion or art is necessarily "satirical", even when it uses the satirical tools of irony, parody, and burlesque.
Even light-hearted satire has a serious "after-taste": the organizers of the Ig Nobel Prize describe this as "first make people laugh, and then make them think".[10]
Social and psychological functions
Satire and irony in some cases have been regarded as the most effective source to understand a society, the oldest form of social study.[11] They provide the keenest insights into a group's collective psyche, reveal its deepest values and tastes, and the society's structures of power.[12][13] Some authors have regarded satire as superior to non-comic and non-artistic disciplines like history or anthropology.[11][14][15][16] In a prominent example from ancient Greece, philosopher Plato, when asked by a friend for a book to understand Athenian society, referred him to the plays of Aristophanes.[17][18]
Historically, satire has satisfied the popular need to debunk and ridicule the leading figures in politics, economy, religion and other prominent realms of power.[19] Satire confronts public discourse and the collective imaginary, playing as a public opinion counterweight to power (be it political, economic, religious, symbolic, or otherwise), by challenging leaders and authorities. For instance, it forces administrations to clarify, amend or establish their policies. Satire's job is to expose problems and contradictions, and it's not obligated to solve them.[20] Karl Kraus set in the history of satire a prominent example of a satirist role as confronting public discourse.[21]
For its nature and social role, satire has enjoyed in many societies a special freedom license to mock prominent individuals and institutions.[22] The satiric impulse, and its ritualized expressions, carry out the function of resolving social tension.[23] Institutions like the ritual clowns, by giving expression to the antisocial tendencies, represent a safety valve which re-establishes equilibrium and health in the collective imaginary, which are jeopardized by the repressive aspects of society.[24][25]
The state of political satire in a given society reflects the tolerance or intolerance that characterizes it,[19] and the state of civil liberties and human rights. Under totalitarian regimes any criticism of a political system, and especially satire, is suppressed. A typical example is the Soviet Union where the dissidents, such as Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Andrei Sakharov were under strong pressure from the government. While satire of everyday life in the USSR was allowed, the most prominent satirist being Arkady Raikin, political satire existed in the form of anecdotes[26] that made fun of Soviet political leaders, especially Brezhnev, famous for his narrow-mindedness and love for awards and decorations.
Classifications
Satire is a diverse genre which is complex to classify and define, with a wide range of satiric "modes".[27][28]
Horatian, Juvenalian, Menippean
"Le satire e l'epistole di Q. Orazio Flacco", printed in 1814.
Satirical literature can commonly be categorized as either Horatian, Juvenalian, or Menippean.[29]
Horatian
Horatian satire, named for the Roman satirist Horace (65–8 BCE), playfully criticizes some social vice through gentle, mild, and light-hearted humour. Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) wrote Satires to gently ridicule the dominant opinions and "philosophical beliefs of ancient Rome and Greece" (Rankin).[30] Rather than writing in harsh or accusing tones, he addressed issues with humor and clever mockery. Horatian satire follows this same pattern of "gently [ridiculing] the absurdities and follies of human beings" (Drury).[31]
It directs wit, exaggeration, and self-deprecating humour toward what it identifies as folly, rather than evil. Horatian satire's sympathetic tone is common in modern society.[32]
A Horatian satirist's goal is to heal the situation with smiles, rather than by anger. Horatian satire is a gentle reminder to take life less seriously and evokes a wry smile.[31] A Horatian satirist makes fun of general human folly rather than engaging in specific or personal attacks. Shamekia Thomas suggests, "In a work using Horatian satire, readers often laugh at the characters in the story who are the subject of mockery as well as themselves and society for behaving in those ways." Alexander Pope has been established as an author whose satire "heals with morals what it hurts with wit" (Green).[33] Alexander Pope—and Horatian satire—attempt to teach.
Examples of Horatian satire:
The Ig Nobel Prizes.
Bierce, Ambrose, The Devil's Dictionary.
Defoe, Daniel, The True-Born Englishman.
The Savoy Operas of Gilbert and Sullivan.
Trollope, Anthony, The Way We Live Now.
Gogol, Nikolai, Dead Souls.
Groening, Matthew "Matt", The Simpsons.
Lewis, Clive Staples, The Screwtape Letters.
Mercer, Richard ‘Rick’, The Rick Mercer Report.
More, Thomas, Utopia
Pope, Alexander, The Rape of the Lock.
Reiner, Rob, This Is Spinal Tap.
Twain, Mark, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
Ralston Saul, John, The Doubter's Companion: A Dictionary of Aggressive Common Sense.
Juvenalian
See also: Satires of Juvenal
Juvenalian satire, named for the writings of the Roman satirist Juvenal (late first century – early second century AD), is more contemptuous and abrasive than the Horatian. Juvenal disagreed with the opinions of the public figures and institutions of the Republic and actively attacked them through his literature. "He utilized the satirical tools of exaggeration and parody to make his targets appear monstrous and incompetent" (Podzemny).[34] Juvenal's satire follows this same pattern of abrasively ridiculing societal structures. Juvenal also, unlike Horace, attacked public officials and governmental organizations through his satires, regarding their opinions as not just wrong, but evil.
Following in this tradition, Juvenalian satire addresses perceived social evil through scorn, outrage, and savage ridicule. This form is often pessimistic, characterized by the use of irony, sarcasm, moral indignation and personal invective, with less emphasis on humor. Strongly polarized political satire can often be classified as Juvenalian.
A Juvenal satirist's goal is generally to provoke some sort of political or societal change because he sees his opponent or object as evil or harmful.[35] A Juvenal satirist mocks "societal structure, power, and civilization" (Thomas)[36] by exaggerating the words or position of his opponent in order to jeopardize their opponent's reputation and/or power. Jonathan Swift has been established as an author who "borrowed heavily from Juvenal's techniques in [his critique] of contemporary English society" (Podzemny).[34]
Examples of Juvenalian satire:
Barnes, Julian, England, England.
Beatty, Paul, The Sellout.
Bradbury, Ray, Fahrenheit 451.
Brooker, Charlie, Black Mirror.
Bulgakov, Mikhail, Heart of a Dog.
Burgess, Anthony, A Clockwork Orange.
Burroughs, William, Naked Lunch.
Byron, George Gordon, Lord, Don Juan.
Barth, John, The Sot-Weed Factor; or, A Voyage to Maryland,—a satire, in which is described the laws, government, courts, and constitutions of the country, and also the buildings, feasts, frolics, entertainments, and drunken humors of the inhabitants in that part of America.
Ellis, Bret Easton, American Psycho.
Golding, William, Lord of the Flies.
Hall, Joseph, Virgidemiarum.
Heller, Joseph, Catch-22.
Huxley, Aldous, Brave New World.
Johnson, Samuel, London, an adaptation of Juvenal, Third Satire.
Junius, Letters.
Kubrick, Stanley, Dr. Strangelove.
Mencken, HL, Libido for the Ugly.
Morris, Chris, Brass Eye.
———, The Day Today.
Orwell, George, Nineteen Eighty-Four.
Orwell, George, Animal Farm.
Palahniuk, Chuck, Fight Club.
Swift, Jonathan, A Modest Proposal.
Voltaire, Candide.
Zamyatin, Yevgeny, We.
Menippean
See Menippean satire.
Satire versus teasing
In the history of theatre there has always been a conflict between engagement and disengagement on politics and relevant issue, between satire and grotesque on one side, and jest with teasing on the other.[37] Max Eastman defined the spectrum of satire in terms of "degrees of biting", as ranging from satire proper at the hot-end, and "kidding" at the violet-end; Eastman adopted the term kidding to denote what is just satirical in form, but is not really firing at the target.[38] Nobel laureate satirical playwright Dario Fo pointed out the difference between satire and teasing (sfottò).[39] Teasing is the reactionary side of the comic; it limits itself to a shallow parody of physical appearance. The side-effect of teasing is that it humanizes and draws sympathy for the powerful individual towards which it is directed. Satire instead uses the comic to go against power and its oppressions, has a subversive character, and a moral dimension which draws judgement against its targets.[40][41][42][43] Fo formulated an operational criterion to tell real satire from sfottò, saying that real satire arouses an outraged and violent reaction, and that the more they try to stop you, the better is the job you are doing.[44] Fo contends that, historically, people in positions of power have welcomed and encouraged good-humoured buffoonery, while modern day people in positions of power have tried to censor, ostracize and repress satire.[37][40]
Teasing (sfottò) is an ancient form of simple buffoonery, a form of comedy without satire's subversive edge. Teasing includes light and affectionate parody, good-humoured mockery, simple one-dimensional poking fun, and benign spoofs. Teasing typically consists of an impersonation of someone monkeying around with his exterior attributes, tics, physical blemishes, voice and mannerisms, quirks, way of dressing and walking, and/or the phrases he typically repeats. By contrast, teasing never touches on the core issue, never makes a serious criticism judging the target with irony; it never harms the target's conduct, ideology and position of power; it never undermines the perception of his morality and cultural dimension.[40][42] Sfottò directed towards a powerful individual makes him appear more human and draws sympathy towards him.[45] Hermann Göring propagated jests and jokes against himself, with the aim of humanizing his image.[46][47]
Classifications by topics
Types of satire can also be classified according to the topics it deals with. From the earliest times, at least since the plays of Aristophanes, the primary topics of literary satire have been politics, religion and sex.[48][49][50][51] This is partly because these are the most pressing problems that affect anybody living in a society, and partly because these topics are usually taboo.[48][52] Among these, politics in the broader sense is considered the pre-eminent topic of satire.[52] Satire which targets the clergy is a type of political satire, while religious satire is that which targets religious beliefs.[53] Satire on sex may overlap with blue comedy, off-color humor and dick jokes.
Scatology has a long literary association with satire,[48][54][55] as it is a classical mode of the grotesque, the grotesque body and the satiric grotesque.[48][56] Shit plays a fundamental role in satire because it symbolizes death, the turd being "the ultimate dead object".[54][55] The satirical comparison of individuals or institutions with human excrement, exposes their "inherent inertness, corruption and dead-likeness".[54][57][58] The ritual clowns of clown societies, like among the Pueblo Indians, have ceremonies with filth-eating.[59][60] In other cultures, sin-eating is an apotropaic rite in which the sin-eater (also called filth-eater),[61][62] by ingesting the food provided, takes "upon himself the sins of the departed".[63] Satire about death overlaps with black humor and gallows humor.
Another classification by topics is the distinction between political satire, religious satire and satire of manners.[64] Political satire is sometimes called topical satire, satire of manners is sometimes called satire of everyday life, and religious satire is sometimes called philosophical satire. Comedy of manners, sometimes also called satire of manners, criticizes mode of life of common people; political satire aims at behavior, manners of politicians, and vices of political systems. Historically, comedy of manners, which first appeared in British theater in 1620, has uncritically accepted the social code of the upper classes.[65] Comedy in general accepts the rules of the social game, while satire subverts them.[66]
Another analysis of satire is the spectrum of his possible tones: wit, ridicule, irony, sarcasm, cynicism, the sardonic and invective.[67][68]
The type of humour that deals with creating laughter at the expense of the person telling the joke is called reflexive humour[69].Reflexive humour can take place at dual levels of directing humour at self or at the larger community the self identifies with. The audience's understanding of the context of reflexive humour is important for its receptivity and success [69]. Satire is found not only in written literary forms. In preliterate cultures it manifests itself in ritual and folk forms, as well as in trickster tales and oral poetry.[23]
It appears also in graphic arts, music, sculpture, dance, cartoon strips, and graffiti. Examples are Dada sculptures, Pop Art works, music of Gilbert and Sullivan and Erik Satie, punk and rock music.[23] In modern media culture, stand-up comedy is an enclave in which satire can be introduced into mass media, challenging mainstream discourse.[23] Comedy roasts, mock festivals, and stand-up comedians in nightclubs and concerts are the modern forms of ancient satiric rituals.[23]
Development
Ancient Egypt
The satirical papyrus at the British Museum
Satirical ostracon showing a cat guarding geese, c.1120 BC, Egypt.
Figured ostracon showing a cat waiting on a mouse, Egypt
One of the earliest examples of what we might call satire, The Satire of the Trades,[70] is in Egyptian writing from the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. The text's apparent readers are students, tired of studying. It argues that their lot as scribes is not only useful, but far superior to that of the ordinary man. Scholars such as Helck[71] think that the context was meant to be serious.
The Papyrus Anastasi I[72] (late 2nd millennium BC) contains a satirical letter which first praises the virtues of its recipient, but then mocks the reader's meagre knowledge and achievements.
Ancient Greece
The Greeks had no word for what later would be called "satire", although the terms cynicism and parody were used. Modern critics call the Greek playwright Aristophanes one of the best known early satirists: his plays are known for their critical political and societal commentary,[73] particularly for the political satire by which he criticized the powerful Cleon (as in The Knights). He is also notable for the persecution he underwent.[73][74][75][76] Aristophanes' plays turned upon images of filth and disease.[77] His bawdy style was adopted by Greek dramatist-comedian Menander. His early play Drunkenness contains an attack on the politician Callimedon.
The oldest form of satire still in use is the Menippean satire by Menippus of Gadara. His own writings are lost. Examples from his admirers and imitators mix seriousness and mockery in dialogues and present parodies before a background of diatribe. As in the case of Aristophanes plays, menippean satire turned upon images of filth and disease.[77]
Roman world
The first Roman to discuss satire critically was Quintilian, who invented the term to describe the writings of Gaius Lucilius. The two most prominent and influential ancient Roman satirists are Horace and Juvenal, who wrote during the early days of the Roman Empire. Other important satirists in ancient Latin are Gaius Lucilius and Persius. Satire in their work is much wider than in the modern sense of the word, including fantastic and highly coloured humorous writing with little or no real mocking intent. When Horace criticized Augustus, he used veiled ironic terms. In contrast, Pliny reports that the 6th-century-BC poet Hipponax wrote satirae that were so cruel that the offended hanged themselves.[78]
In the 2nd century AD, Lucian wrote True History, a book satirizing the clearly unrealistic travelogues/adventures written by Ctesias, Iambulus, and Homer. He states that he was surprised they expected people to believe their lies, and stating that he, like them, has no actual knowledge or experience, but shall now tell lies as if he did. He goes on to describe a far more obviously extreme and unrealistic tale, involving interplanetary exploration, war among alien life forms, and life inside a 200 mile long whale back in the terrestrial ocean, all intended to make obvious the fallacies of books like Indica and The Odyssey.
Medieval Islamic world
Main articles: Arabic satire and Persian satire
Medieval Arabic poetry included the satiric genre hija. Satire was introduced into Arabic prose literature by the author Al-Jahiz in the 9th century. While dealing with serious topics in what are now known as anthropology, sociology and psychology, he introduced a satirical approach, "based on the premise that, however serious the subject under review, it could be made more interesting and thus achieve greater effect, if only one leavened the lump of solemnity by the insertion of a few amusing anecdotes or by the throwing out of some witty or paradoxical observations. He was well aware that, in treating of new themes in his prose works, he would have to employ a vocabulary of a nature more familiar in hija, satirical poetry."[79] For example, in one of his zoological works, he satirized the preference for longer human penis size, writing: "If the length of the penis were a sign of honor, then the mule would belong to the (honorable tribe of) Quraysh". Another satirical story based on this preference was an Arabian Nights tale called "Ali with the Large Member".[80]
In the 10th century, the writer Tha'alibi recorded satirical poetry written by the Arabic poets As-Salami and Abu Dulaf, with As-Salami praising Abu Dulaf's wide breadth of knowledge and then mocking his ability in all these subjects, and with Abu Dulaf responding back and satirizing As-Salami in return.[81] An example of Arabic political satire included another 10th-century poet Jarir satirizing Farazdaq as "a transgressor of the Sharia" and later Arabic poets in turn using the term "Farazdaq-like" as a form of political satire.[82]
The terms "comedy" and "satire" became synonymous after Aristotle's Poetics was translated into Arabic in the medieval Islamic world, where it was elaborated upon by Islamic philosophers and writers, such as Abu Bischr, his pupil Al-Farabi, Avicenna, and Averroes. Due to cultural differences, they disassociated comedy from Greek dramatic representation and instead identified it with Arabic poetic themes and forms, such as hija (satirical poetry). They viewed comedy as simply the "art of reprehension", and made no reference to light and cheerful events, or troubled beginnings and happy endings, associated with classical Greek comedy. After the Latin translations of the 12th century, the term "comedy" thus gained a new semantic meaning in Medieval literature.[83]
Ubayd Zakani introduced satire in Persian literature during the 14th century. His work is noted for its satire and obscene verses, often political or bawdy, and often cited in debates involving homosexual practices. He wrote the Resaleh-ye Delgosha, as well as Akhlaq al-Ashraf ("Ethics of the Aristocracy") and the famous humorous fable Masnavi Mush-O-Gorbeh (Mouse and Cat), which was a political satire. His non-satirical serious classical verses have also been regarded as very well written, in league with the other great works of Persian literature. Between 1905 and 1911, Bibi Khatoon Astarabadi and other Iranian writers wrote notable satires.
Medieval Europe
In the Early Middle Ages, examples of satire were the songs by Goliards or vagants now best known as an anthology called Carmina Burana and made famous as texts of a composition by the 20th-century composer Carl Orff. Satirical poetry is believed to have been popular, although little has survived. With the advent of the High Middle Ages and the birth of modern vernacular literature in the 12th century, it began to be used again, most notably by Chaucer. The disrespectful manner was considered "unchristian" and ignored, except for the moral satire, which mocked misbehaviour in Christian terms. Examples are Livre des Manières by Étienne de Fougères [fr] (~1178), and some of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. Sometimes epic poetry (epos) was mocked, and even feudal society, but there was hardly a general interest in the genre.
Early modern western satire
Pieter Bruegel's 1568 satirical painting The Blind Leading the Blind.
Direct social commentary via satire returned with a vengeance in the 16th century, when farcical texts such as the works of François Rabelais tackled more serious issues (and incurred the wrath of the crown as a result).
Two major satirists of Europe in the Renaissance were Giovanni Boccaccio and François Rabelais. Other examples of Renaissance satire include Till Eulenspiegel, Reynard the Fox, Sebastian Brant's Narrenschiff (1494), Erasmus's Moriae Encomium (1509), Thomas More's Utopia (1516), and Carajicomedia (1519).
The Elizabethan (i.e. 16th-century English) writers thought of satire as related to the notoriously rude, coarse and sharp satyr play. Elizabethan "satire" (typically in pamphlet form) therefore contains more straightforward abuse than subtle irony. The French Huguenot Isaac Casaubon pointed out in 1605 that satire in the Roman fashion was something altogether more civilised. Casaubon discovered and published Quintilian's writing and presented the original meaning of the term (satira, not satyr), and the sense of wittiness (reflecting the "dishfull of fruits") became more important again. Seventeenth-century English satire once again aimed at the "amendment of vices" (Dryden).
In the 1590s a new wave of verse satire broke with the publication of Hall's Virgidemiarum, six books of verse satires targeting everything from literary fads to corrupt noblemen. Although Donne had already circulated satires in manuscript, Hall's was the first real attempt in English at verse satire on the Juvenalian model.[84][page needed] The success of his work combined with a national mood of disillusion in the last years of Elizabeth's reign triggered an avalanche of satire—much of it less conscious of classical models than Hall's — until the fashion was brought to an